Design of Research references:

1
Design of Researchreferences

• R.A. Fisher Design and Analysis of
  ExperimentsHA29.F535
• O. Kempthorne The Design and Analysis of
  ExperimentsHA29.K3
• D.C. Montgomery Design and analysis of
  experimentsQA279.M66
• R.Mead The Design of experiments statistical
  principles for practical applications QA279.M38
• Dean, A. Design Analysis of Experiments.
• http//site.ebrary.com/lib/ucalgary/Doc?id5006012
  ppg21
• Campbell, D. Stanley, J. Experimental and
  quasi-experimental design for research.
• Cook, T.D. Campbell, D.T. Quasi-Experimentation
  Design Analysis for Field Studies.

2
Design of ResearchThe Lady Tasting Tea a
psycho-physical experiment

• Inductive inference is the only process known to
  us by which essentially new knowledge comes into
  the world.
• inference from the particular to the general
  must be attended with some degree of uncertainty,
  but this is not the same as to admit that such
  inference can not be absolutely rigorous, for the
  nature and degree of the uncertainty may itself
  be capable of rigorous expression..
• questions only of the right use of human
  reasoning powers, which all intelligent people,
  who hope to be intelligible are equally
  concerned, and on which the statistician, as
  such, speaks with no special authority.

3
Design of Researchpurpose

• Typically, an experiment may be run for one or
  more of the following reasons
• (i) to determine the principal causes of
  variation in a measured response,
• (ii) to find the conditions that give rise to a
  maximum or minimum response,
• (iii) to compare the responses achieved at
  different settings of controllable variables,
• (iv) to obtain a mathematical model in order to
  predict future responses.
• Observations can be collected from observational
  studies as well as from experiments,
• but only an experiment allows conclusions to be
  drawn about cause and effect. For example,
• consider the following situation

4
Design of Researchvariance control

• Systematic experimental variance
• independent variable selection
• Extraneous variance
• blocking
• matching
• regression
• Error variance
• randomization
• reliability and generalizability
• G and D studies

5
Design of Researchvalidity Campbell and Stanley

• Internal validity
• history, maturation, testing, instrumentation,
  statistical regression, experimental mortality,
  selection, selection-maturation interaction
• External validity reactive or interaction effect
  of testing, interaction effect, reactive effect.