DIFFERING INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES TO EFFECTIVE EDUCATION

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DIFFERING INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES TO EFFECTIVE
EDUCATION

• CPE educators work in the context of
  institutional settings
• Effectiveness in CPE is based on institutional
  setting
• Each institution has a unique set of values and
  resources
• Group of institution share similar characteristics

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• The chapter overviews CPE providers with their
  strengths and weaknesses
• Major institutional issues faced by CPE educators
  are explored
• And how the particular context frames its
  practice
• Includes issue of competition and collaboration

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Which Institutions Provide CPE?

• Major providers are
• Universities and professional schools
• Professional associations,
• Employing agencies
• Independent providers
• Other types of providers
• Government foundations
• Autonomous groups teachers centers
• Company supplying CPE equipment

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Universities and Professional Schools

• Characterized by great diversity in term of
  participants, budget, and staff
• May be organized by professional schools,
  colleges, or departments or university wide
  continuing education unit (centralized)
• Decentralized approach is favored more
  specialized individual get involved

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• Centralized approach more viable better
  program, administration, sharing of resources
• A hybrid is more effective
• Strengths of university
• Primary source of knowledge from research
• Experience in instruction
• Can provide certification
• Can offer lengthy types of programs

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• Can provide continuing education credits
• Have large multi-disciplined, full-time resident
  staff
• Abundant and readily available physical
  facilities and resources
• Perceive by professionals as credible source of
  knowledge
• Weaknesses of university
• CPE is not a primary function - effects funding
• No concrete independent policy instability of
  program

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• CPE view as marginal function
• Lack of incentives and rewards for faculty
  participation
• Do not have the ability to link theory and
  practice
• Insensitive to instructional quality
• Lack of marketing experience

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Professional Associations

• Each profession is represented by several
  associations
• Programs has to do with certification, licensure,
  or to some extent degree programs, and short
  educational program such as seminar, workshop,
  conference etc.

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• Strengths of Professional Associations
• Ability to secure a wide array of talent from
  members
• Understanding of real problems facing
  practitioners
• Direct contact with professionals in the field
• Reduced program cost as non profit organization
• Weakness of Professional Associations
• Planned by non specialized unit
• Unit leadership viewed as seminar schedulers
• Lack marketing expertise physical facilities

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Employment Settings

• Largest providers of CPE
• Initiate programs or sub-contract to others for
  resource persons or facilities
• Strengths
• Assess professional problems directly on regular
  basis
• Have official power to prescribe program

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• Able to call multi level participants in a
  program
• Convenience of program scheduling to minimize
  lost of work time
• Reduced cost if conducted on-site
• Weaknesses
• Not favorable by participants
• On-site opens to interruptions

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Independent Providers

• Wide range of institutions private (for profit)
  and NGOs (nonprofit)
• Different levels of organization, strength, and
  specialization
• Strengths
• Flexibility in responding quickly to learners
  needs in programming

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• Weaknesses
• Private providers charge higher cost
• Less credibility
• Smaller providers lack of resource persons and
  facilities
• For single-item business, sensitive to economic
  downturn

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Interorganizational Relationships in CPE

• Competition or collaboration
• Competition can produce higher quality education
• Collaboration leads to efficiency and
  effectiveness