INTERGROUP RELATIONS IN PLURAL SOCIETIES

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INTERGROUP RELATIONS IN PLURAL SOCIETIES

• PSYC 338

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How much do you agree or disagree that

• It is a good thing for any society to be made up
  of people from different races religions and
  cultures.
• Immigrants should give up their original culture
  for the sake of adopting New Zealand culture.
  
• Immigrants should maintain their original culture
  as long as they do not mix it with NZ culture.
• Immigrants should maintain their original culture
  while also adopting NZ culture.
  

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LECTURE OUTLINE

• Overview and theoretical frameworks
• Social Psychology
• Cross-cultural Psychology
• Ethnocentrism
• Stereotypes
• Attributions
• Similarity-attraction and cultural distance
• Threat
• Integrated Threat Theory (Stephan)
• Instrumental model of group conflict (Esses)
• Contact

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LECTURE OUTLINE (cont)

• Model of Attitudes toward Immigrants in New
  Zealand
• Multicultural Ideology
• Acculturation Expectations
• Multiculturalism and Biculturalism in New Zealand
• Common Ingroup Identity
• Conclusions

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(No Transcript)
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Ethnocentrism

• Stereotypes
• Attributions
• Similarity-attractiveness

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Perceptions of Migrant Groups In New Zealand
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THREAT THEORIES

• Integrated Threat Theory (Stephan)
• Realistic threat
• Symbolic threat
• Intergroup Anxiety
• Stereotypes

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. A flood of immigrants -many of whom will
directly compete with Maori in terms of jobs,
housing and access to health services. There
is a need to keep a tight lid on immigration if
we are to avoid New Zealands identity, values
and heritage being swamped. Winston Peters,
2002
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REALISTIC THREAT of agreement

• Immigrants take jobs away from Nzers. 25
• Immigrants bring diseases into NZ that
• not would not otherwise be here. 25

N 2020
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THREAT THEORIES

• Instrumental Model of Group Conflict (Esses)
• Resource stress
• Salient Outgroup
• Intergroup Competition
• Zero sum beliefs
• Fear and anxiety
• Outcomes
• Avoidance
• Discrimination

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ZERO SUM BELIEFS agreement

• Allowing immigrant cultures to thrive
• means that NZ culture is weakened.
  21
• The more political power immigrants
• obtain, the more difficult it is for
• Nzers already living here. 28

N 2020
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MAORI AND PAKEHA PERCEPTIONS OF THREAT
( of agreement)
Maori Pakeha More jobs for immigrants
means 61 29 fewer jobs for
Nzers. When immigrants promote their own
values, it is at the expense of NZ
values. 59 25
Note N 500
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CONTACT HYPOTHESIS

• More intergroup contact results in more positive
  intergroup perceptions and harmonious relations
  (Pettigrew Tropp, 2000)
• Particularly under optimal conditions voluntary,
  positive, equal status, cooperative, pleasant,
  intimate

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An integrated model of attitudes toward
immigrants in New Zealand (Ward Masgoret,
2006)
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MULTICULTURAL IDEOLOGY IN NEW ZEALAND
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It is a good thing for any society to be made up
of people from different races religions and
cultures.
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DIVERSITY INDICES
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ACCULTURATION EXPECTATIONS

• Integration
• Assimilation
• Separation (Segregation)
• Marginalization (Exclusion)

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ACCULTURATION EXPECTATIONS NATIONAL SAMPLE(
of agreement)

• Immigrants should give up their original culture
  for the sake of adopting New Zealand culture.
  21
• Immigrants should maintain their original culture
  as long as they do not mix it with NZ culture.
  28
• Immigrants should maintain their original culture
  while also adopting NZ culture.
  
• 82

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ADOLESCENTS ACCULTURATION PREFERENCES AND
EXPECTATIONS
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NATIONAL AND ETHNIC IDENTITY
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ACCULTURATION PREFERENCES AND EXPECTATIONS MAORI
AND NZE
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MULTICULTURALISM AND BICULTURALISM
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BICULTURALISM
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MULTICULTURALISM
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IMPLICATIONS OF MULTICULTURALISM

• Hyphenated, common ingroup identity
• Better adaptation of culturally diverse groups
  groups
• Better intergroup relations

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CONCLUDING COMMENTS

• NZers have a strong multicultural ideology
• Both migrants and members of the receiving
  community favor integration
• Biculturalism and multiculturalism are not seen
  as mutually exclusive

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OUR CHALLENGE

• TO ENSURE THAT
• All ethnic groups in New Zealand feel secure
  about their cultural identity and heritage
• All ethnic groups are able to participate fully
  and equally in New Zealand society
• The status of Maori as partners in the Treaty of
  Waitangi is protected as New Zealand evolves into
  a multicultural society

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Additional References

• Lynskey, M. T., Ward, C., Fletcher, G. J. O.
  (1991). Stereotypes and intergroup attributions
  in New Zealand. Psychology ad Developing
  Societies, 3 (1), 113-126.
• Ward, C., Lin, E.-Y. (2005). Immigration,
  acculturation and national identity in New
  Zealand. In J. Liu, T. McCreanor, T. McIntosh
  T. Teaiwa (Eds). New Zealand identities
  Departures and destinations. (pp.155-173).
  Wellington Victoria University Press.