Industrialization

1
Industrialization

• Industrial revolution begins in England in the
  1780s.
• They had a lot of capital ( money ) to buy
  machines and factories.
• Capital was coming from their colonial empires.

2

• 1768 James Hargreaves- Spinning Jenny
• 1782James Watt Scotland steam engine
• 1840 cotton products were Englands most
  valuable product.
• 1830 first railroad in England.

3
FYI...

• Process of spinning and weaving cotton used to be
  done by individuals. Now by machines. Two step
  process by people called Cottage Industry.
• Entrepreneurs business people.

4
Reasons for Industrial Revolution

• Changes in Agriculture more food/less jobs
• Enclosure Movement
• Capital and Entrepreneurs
• Natural Resources- Home country colony
• Increased Markets

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1850 trains were going 50 mph.

• Factory workers were in great demand. Better pay
  in factories.
• Left the family farm for the factory
• Worked in shifts.
• Revolution spreads to the rest of the world. Add
  canals railroads.

6
America

• 1800 - six out of seven were farmers.
• 1860 one out of two.
• Robert Fulton steamship
• Railroad was called THE greatest invention.

7
Social Impact

• City populations grew rapidly due to the
  factories.
• Most lived in miserable conditions.
• Tenement housing, filthy, disease.
• Social reformers called for change.

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Women Children

• Made up 2/3 of the cotton workers.
• Age 9 is minimum to work.
• Paid half what a man gets.
• Bad working conditions led to a Socialism
  movement. Believed in equality of all people.

9

• Children ages 9-13 8 hour days
• Children 13-18 12 hour days.
• Robert Owen British Utopian Socialist. Started
  a cooperative community in Scotland manufacturing
  cotton. ALL worked for the community.

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His Socialist belief

• People would show their natural goodness if they
  lived in a cooperative environment. His plan
  flourished.
• A similar attempt in New Harmony, Indiana in the
  1820s failed.

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One effect of industrialization was

1. A decrease in child labor
2. An increase in the demand for handicraft goods
3. A decrease in immigration to the United States
4. An increase in urbanization

12
In 1770 James Hargreaves of England received a
patent for his spinning jenny. Another man,
Samuel Crompton received a patent for his
spinning mule. These inventions are examples of

1. Cultural changes
2. Socioeconomic changes
3. Technological advances
4. Communication advances

13
The Industrial Revolution began in

1. France
2. Great Britain
3. Japan
4. The U.S.

14
Which of the following is NOT an effect of the
Industrial Revolution?

1. An increasing number of people worked in
   factories
2. An increasing number of people lived in cities
3. An increasing number of people became farmers
4. An increasing number of people left their family
   farms

15
The process of developing machine production of
goods is called

1. Enclosure
2. Industrialization
3. Urbanization
4. Crop rotation

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Participant Scores
500 Eggenschwiller, Lillian Margaret
500 Cuzner III, Joseph Alan
500 Rabenstein, Alexandra Tomono
500 Kenney, Matthew Joseph
500 Dues, Emma Grace





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Development of New Classes

• Industrial Middle Class
• Factory Builders
• Salespeople from factories
• Machine makers
• Factory Managers
• Industrial Working Class

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Inventions of the Revolution
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INVENTIONS

• TELEGRAPH
• STEEL PLOW
• MECHANICAL REAPER
• SEWING MACHINE
• INDOOR PLUMBING

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The Telegraph

• Completed by Samuel Morse in 1837-Made popular by
  the election of 1844
• Many telegraph lines ran across railroad
  lines-many train stations contained telegraph
  offices

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Down On The Farm

• John Deere invented the steel plow to cut
  through thick soil
• Cyrus McCormick developed the mechanical reaper
  to cut down wheat much quicker-This reduced
  harvest time to 1 hr per acre

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HOME IMPROVEMENT

• Isaac Singer perfected the sewing machine making
  sewing machines a symbol of prosperity and making
  it a tool for women to earn money out of the
  homes

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Other Home Improvements

• Iceboxes
• Iron stoves
• Improved clocks-cheaper
• Indoor plumbing-Hotels
• matches/safety pin

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New Factories

• Factories changed from water power to steam
  allowing factories to be built closer to cities
  and transportation centers

25
A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the
risk of a business is an

1. Industrialist
2. Capitalist
3. Communist
4. Entrepreneur

26
This is the production method done by individuals
in their rural homes.

1. Cottage industry
2. Laissez faire
3. Capitalism
4. puddling

27
He discovered the first radio waves.

1. Alexander Graham Bell
2. Karl Marx
3. Guglielmo Marconi
4. Leopold II

28
This is the main cause of railroads being built
more during the Industrial Revolution.

1. More places to go
2. Cheaper production of steel
3. Improvement in working conditions
4. Women need jobs

29
Which of these factors MOST contributed to a
shorter lifespan for those living in cities
rather than the country?

1. Long working hours
2. Illness caused by unhealthy conditions
3. Inadequate housing
4. Excessive garbage

30
Participant Scores
400 Participant 9
400 Participant 4
400 Participant 14
400 Participant 7
300 Participant 13