South Asia: The Land- Part II

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South Asia The Land- Part II

• Ch. 23 Sec. 1

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Eastern Ghats
Western Ghats
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Southern Highlands

• Karnataka Plateau
• S. of Deccan
• Receives rain instead ? lush and green
• Lots of spices, plantations, rain forests

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Karnataka Plateau
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Islands

• Sri Lanka broke away from the Indian mass
• Maldives are small coral atolls (22-26)
• Create over 1,000 islets (250 inhabited)
• Smallest in Asia
• 350,000 ppl live here

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Indus River

• Mainly thru Pakistan, empties into Arabian Sea
• Waters orchards, transportation route
• One of earliest
• civilization sites

Indus Valley Civilization
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Brahmaputra River

• Winds thru Himalaya, India, Bangladesh
• Meets w/ Ganges R. to form a delta at Bay of
  Bengal
• Major inland waterway, travel from bay 800 miles
• Provides 50 of hydroelectricity to Bangladesh

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Ganges River

• Most important by far
• Begins in ice cave in Him.,
• About 1,560 miles long
• Basin about 400,000 sq. miles
• Keeps size during dry season, but floods during
  summer monsoons
• Revered as sacred by Hindus

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Indo-Gangetic Plain

• AKA- North Indian River plain
• River creates worlds longest fertile, alluvial
  plain
• Over 1/7 of world population lives here
• Grasslands/forest cleared for crops (rice,
  sesame, sugarcane, jute)

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Natural Resources

• Water
• Fertile soil, drinking H20, transportation,
  hydroelectricity, fish
• Countries work together to harness power (India
  Bhutan)
• Build dams for power open up new farmland?
  consistent irrigation

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Natural Resources

• Water contd
• Challenges
• Dams threaten to flood settlements? resistance
• The Tarbela Dam (Pakistan) will be unusable soon
  from built up silt

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Natural Resources

• There are oil reserves, but still depend on
  imported oil
• Theres natural gas uranium, too
• Most still depend on hydroelectricity, fuel wood,
  coal

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Natural Resources

• India exports 90 of worlds mica (makes
  electrical equip.)
• India- leading exporter of iron ore
• Sri Lanka- a top exporter of graphite (lead)
• Also a variety of precious stones

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Natural Resources

• Timber
• Nepal Bhutan are covered with conifers
  (valuable hardwoods)
• Overcutting is major prob.
• ? soil erosion
• India has prized sandalwood
• Sri Lanka banned timber exports in 1977 to
  protect environment