STEROIDS

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STEROIDS
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Two Basic Types

• CORTISOL-favors breakdown of cellular energy
  stores and even protein, to provide glucose. It
  can be useful during stress. Used in
  anti-inflammatory drugs such as prednisone. It
  can treat breast cancer and anemia.
• ANABOLIC-favors the synthetic and accumulation of
  protein by muscle cells, which can increase
  muscle mass at an alarming rate.

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Background history of Anabolic Steroids!

• Anabolic steroids are a group of powerful
  compounds that are closely related chemically to
  the male sex hormone testosterone. These
  artificial substances were first developed in the
  1930s to help men whose bodies produced
  inadequate amounts of the natural hormone that is
  responsible for the development of masculine
  characteristics occurring at puberty, such as the
  lowering of the voice and growth of body hair.
• By the 1930s cholesterol and several steroids,
  including testosterone, had been isolated and
  methods of producing these established. Today 40
  synthetic steroids are marketed worldwide. Some
  are effective orally (pills), others only after
  injection.

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Why Steroids are abused
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Why Steroids are abused
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Why Steroids are abused
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Why Steroids are abused

• Steroids taken in combination with a muscle
  building exercise program may contribute to
  increases in body weight and muscular strength.
  As a result of this , some athletes, in a variety
  of sports have used anabolic steroids hoping to
  short cut their training while enhancing their
  performance. Today many young male and female
  body builders are abusing anabolic steroids.

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Professional Athletes abuse Lyle Alzado
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Women body buildersWhy they look like men
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Olympic Athletes abuse Ben Johnson
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Farm Animals Cows
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German Soldiers during WW2
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Chinese Women SwimmersOlympic/World
Championships
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How Steroids work

• Anabolic steroids are commonly self-administered
  to produce significant side effects. Doses in a
  cycle are increased and decreased gradually, a
  process known as PYRAMIDING. Several different
  anabolics may be used simultaneously, a process
  known as STACKING. This method gives the user a
  theoretical range of different side effects. In
  general, steroids are naturally occurring
  hormones. When these are isolated, recreated and
  administered in doses 20 times the normal level,
  extreme side effects take place. The chemical
  changes in the body effect everything from
  absorption, metabolism, DNA, and other
  neurological factors.

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Side Effects
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Side Effects

• There are least 70 side effects as a result of
  anabolic steroid use. These range from liver
  cancer, acne, as well as serious psychological
  effects. The areas most seriously effected by
  steroids are the liver and the cardiovascular and
  reproductive systems. Resulting in excess
  protein, heart disease, and sterility. In males
  steroids can cause withered testicles and
  sterility. In females it can cause irreversible
  masculine traits as well as menstrual
  irregularities and sterility. Psychological
  effects include aggressive, combative behavior,
  known as roid rage and depression. Some side
  effects might not show up for years, such as
  heart attacks and strokes.

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Caution!

• Most steroids used legally are obtained through
  the black market from under ground laboratories
  and foreign sources. The quality and purity of
  such drugs are questionable at best.
  Furthermore, while steroids may build muscle,
  their intended effect increased strength-may be
  offset by the fact that the strength of tendons
  and ligaments doesnt increase with muscle
  strength. This imbalance may result in injuries
  that take a long time to heal.
• Little research has been done to assess the
  long-term effects of steroid use nor is there
  much clinical evidence of the effects on women an
  adolescents. Young people whose bodies are still
  developing are particularly vulnerable, as are
  women, because they have less of the natural
  hormone.

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Signs of Steroid use

• Athletes who use steroids in conjunction with a
  weight training program can be identified by
  their quick muscle and weight gains. Other signs
  that may signal steroid use are behavior changes,
  particularly increased aggression and
  combativeness jaundice(yellow skin) purple or
  red color spots on the body swelling of feet or
  lower legs trembling unexplained darkening of
  skin and persistent, unpleasant breath odor.

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Why Do Men and Women React Differently To Steroid
Use

• Men
• Anabolic steroids mimic the natural hormone
  testosterone that controls the development of
  masculine characteristics in adult males.
• Steroid use may overload the body with
  testosterone thus triggering the hypothalmus, a
  portion of the brain that regulates basic body
  functions, to shut down further hormone
  production.
• Testosterone production may remain shut down when
  steroids are discontinued, causing an imbalance
  of male and female hormones the development by
  males of female characteristics such as enlarged
  breasts.

• Females
• The hormone is present is small quantities in
  females.
• In female bodies, steroid induced levels of
  testosterone in excess of the amount normal for
  women can cause the development of masculine
  characteristics such as the lowering of the voice
  and male pattern baldness that cannot be reversed
  when steroid use is stopped.

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Steroid side effects

• Liver
• Cancer
• Jaundice
• Tumors
• Pelosis Hepatitis
• Cardiovascular System
• Cholesterol modifications
• Heart disease
• Anaphylactic shock
• Death
• High blood pressure
• Septic Shock

• Reproductive System
• Genital atrophy
• Genital Swelling
• Sexual Dysfunction
• Sterility
• Impotence
• Prostate Enlargement
• Fetal Damage
• Menstrual Irregularities
• Psychological
• Depression
• Listlessness
• Aggressive, Combative behavior

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Steroid side effects-continued

• Other side effects
• Acne
• Edema
• Hairiness in women(irreversible)
• Male pattern baldness (irreversible in women)
• Oily skin
• Stunted growth
• Abdominal or stomach pains
• Bone pain
• Chills
• Diarrhea
• Changes in bowel and urinary habits

• Gall stones
• Hives
• Headaches (continuing)
• Excessive calcium
• Insomnia
• Kidney stones
• Kidney cramps
• Muscle cramps
• Nausea or vomiting
• purple or red spots on body, iside of mouth or
  nose
• Rash
• Sore throat
• Unusual weight gain
• Unexplained weight loss
• Unpleasant breath odor
• Unusual bleeding