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Technology, Globalization and Social Development

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Title: Technology, Globalization and Social Development


1
Technology, Globalization and Social Development
  • GE 301 Science, Technology and Society
  • Ahmet S Ucer

2
Program of this year
  • Technology, Globalization and Social Development
    (7 October 2008)
  • Knowledge Society and Human Wellbeing (21 October
    2008)
  • Converging Technologies and Society (4 November
    2008)

3
Contents
  • History
  • New world order!
  • Socio-economic system
  • Globalization
  • Innovation and creative destruction
  • Globalization and Ethics
  • Social development and globalization
  • Conclusions

4
History
  • Hunting Gathering to Agricultural Revolution
    (religion) 9000 years ago
  • First ethical values and religious believes
    converge as city states start to form

GOOD ?
FAIR ?
RIGHT ?
5
History
  • The Renaissance (rebirth) 14th century - 17th
    century.
  • intellectual consequence of renaissance reformist
    movements Marten Luther (1517),
  • Protestant reformation,
  • Secular thinking

6
History
  • Scientific Revolution, 1542, Copernicus
  • Eventually resulted in Enlightenment. (French
    Siècle des Lumières) Age of reason. Enlightenment
    Philosophy was put forward in the 18 century

7
History
  • The first indications of industrial revolution
    came with the French revolution in 1789, class
    distinction
  • Why in Europe?
  • Why started in Britain?

8
History
  • strengthen international ties
  • Free movement of capital
  • Multinational corporations set up several bases
    around the world.
  • Information revolution (globalization)
  • 100 years ago was not too different than today!

9
The two mechanisms
  • Soviet union collapsed in 1991 (end of cold war)
  • Unprecedented leap of information and
    communication technologies

10
New world order!
  • Struggle between ideologies is largely at an end
    (Francis Fukuyama,1989, End of History)
  • New struggle is between cultures (Samuel
    Huntington, 1993, Clash of Civilizations)

11
The socio-economic system
  • Traditional
  • deriving engine
  • competition for profit
  • competition for Individual satisfaction
  • New
  • Tooled by ICT
  • New productivity sources
  • Organizational forms
  • GLOBAL economy

12
Globalization
  • Multi-dimensional
  • Political
  • Economical
  • Cultural
  • Non-linear

13
A Strategic tool (ICT)
  • The entire planet is organized around
    communication networks
  • Present day globalization builds on falling
    communication costs
  • Previously it was depending on falling
    transportation costs

14
Innovation
  • the process of making improvements by introducing
    something new
  • Human resources
  • System

15
Creative destruction(J Schumpeter)
  • 1942 Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy
  • The urge of innovation destroys existing
    enterprises yielding new ones
  • What about entrepreneurs?

16
The new society and productive source
  • Information (knowledge) society - information
    and knowledge
  • Industrial society - energy and raw material
  • Agricultural society - Farming land

17
Globalization and Ethics
  • Adam Smiths invisible hand was relying on
    honesty, thrust and respect.
  • Deregulation and neo-liberalism led to short term
    vision and a lack of ethical standards
  • Personal to national to global ethics
  • Global warming
  • inviolability of national sovereignty
  • WTO and trade
  • Foreign Aid

David Singer
18
Technology and Globalization Substitution and
Dematerialization
  • Examples of Substitution and dematerialization
  • Copper
  • Oil
  • Cane and sugar beat

R K Schaeffer, Globalization and Technology, Phi
Kappa Phi Forum http//www.findarticles.com/p/art
icles/mi_qa4026/is_200310/ai_n9316427
19
http//www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.
htm
20
http//www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.
htm
21
Per capita GDP correct measure?
  • GDP Inc. but standards of living Dec. due to
    degraded environment
  • Cannot sustain development by borrowing
  • GDP measures what is produced in the country. Not
    the income of citizens

Joseph Stiglitz
Making Globalization Work Joseph E. Stiglitz ,
2006
22
Social Development and Globalization
  • Consumption and Production
  • Relationship of consumption
  • Inequality
  • Polarization
  • Poverty
  • Misery

23
Social Development and Globalization
  • Relationships of production (how people earn
    money)
  • Globalization of job market
  • Individualization of labor
  • Over-exploitation
  • Social exclusion
  • income generation in the criminal economy

24
Informational Capitalism and Social crises
  • Flexibility and global reach
  • Education quality
  • Elimination of traditional agriculture -rural
    exodus
  • Informal economic growth, welfare state come
    under attack
  • The forth world

http//menntun.khi.is/sigurjon/IT20Global20CASTE
LLS.pdf
25
Conclusion(redefining social development)
  • ICT should empower humankind to enhance
    production
  • Educated labor force is the main source of
    productivity
  • Educated labor need multidimensional improvement
    in quality of life.
  • Welfare states, with less
  • bureaucracy will be the
  • source of productivity

26
Conclusion
Social development
cultural development
innovation
economic development
institutional stability and trust
http//menntun.khi.is/sigurjon/IT20Global20CASTE
LLS.pdf
27
Conclusion
  • THIS MODEL WILL REQUIRE
  • Massive technological upgrading of countries
  • Dramatic investment in the education system
  • Worldwide network of science and technology

NEEDS SCIENTIFIC THINKING , THE USE OF HUMAN
INTELLECT and GLOBAL ETHICS
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