ICT 512 - Advanced Web Technologies

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ICT 512 - Advanced Web Technologies

• Lecture 1 Introduction
• Shakeel A. Khoja

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Course outline 1/2

• Current Web data standards
• o XML, XSL, XLink, DOM, SMIL
• o Processing XML documents
• o Deploying XML data
• Current Web metadata standards
• o RDF, RDF-SCHEMA
• o Ontologies, Dublin Core
• o Metadata processing
• o Surfing the semantic web

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Course outline 2/2

• Hypertext Linking
• o Open Hypermedia philosophy
• o Hypertext history
• o The Missing Link problems and
  solutions
• Web Site Construction
• o Hypermedia Engineering
• o Hypermedia Development Methods
• o Hypermedia Development Techniques
• o Web Site Maintenance
• o Case study
• Web Searching
• o Information retrieval history
• o Search engine algorithms
• o Case studies Harvest, Google.

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Books and references

• Text Book Munindar P. Singh and Michael N.
  Huhns, Service Oriented Computing Semantics,
  Processes, Agents, 2005, John Wiley.
• Reference Books
• Leon Shklar and Rich Rosen, Web Application
  Architecture, 2nd Edition, JWI.
• Rosenfeld L, Information Architecture for the
  World Wide Web, 2nd Edition, O'Reilly 2002
• Deitel, Deitel and Goldberg, Internet and World
  Wide Web - How To Program, 3rd Edition, Prentice
  Hall 2004
• Gerti Kappel, Birgit Proll, Siegfried Reich,
  Werner Retschitzegger, Web Engineering, JWI 2006
• Various WWW sources

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Assessment Strategy
Assessment Method Contribution to the final mark
Mid Term Examinations 30 (15 15)
Final Examination 40
Quizzes 15
Assignment / Mini Project 15
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Enter 21st Century!
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Our Information Landscape

• Image from http//www.socialmedia.biz/images/mass
  socialmedia.png

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The Future of Information

• Image from http//novaspivack.typepad.com/nova_sp
  ivacks_weblog/metaweb_graph.JPG

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What is 21st Century Business?

• Buyers and sellers who are
• Effective Learners
• Effective Collaborators
• Effective Creators

Image from http//www.uniquecare.org/Collaborate
20250.jpg
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21st Century Learners

• Lifelong learners
• Can learn how to learn
• Independent learners
• Metacognitive
• Intrinsically motivated
• Focus on self improvement

Image from http//flickr.com/photos/akaicker/3814
9570/
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21st Century Collaborators

• Are effective communicators.
• Are socially and culturally aware.
• Take responsibility for their role.
• Are flexible.

Image from http//flickr.com/photos/wainwright/35
1684037/.
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21st Century Collaborators

• Are able to delegate or share responsibility when
  necessary.
• Are equally comfortable as either leaders or
  participants.
• Appreciate and internalize the essential
  interdependence of being part of society.

Image from http//flickr.com/photos/pedrosimoes7/
1301014184/
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21st Century Creators

• Effectively analyze and synthesize.
• Originality, innovative and creative contributors
  to society.
• think outside the box.
• Systems thinkers.
• Goal oriented and productive.
• Demonstrate ethical responsibility.

Image from http//flickr.com/photos/jimfrazier/52
5695141/
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Why Go Global?

• The World is Flat
• We are no longer bound by four walls of classroom
• Authentic development experiences

Image from http//www.csupomona.edu/sfenglehart/
20Hst20Images20/Berlin20Wall.JPEG
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Why Go Global?

• Learning (and life) is networked, digital,
  connected.
• Create an authentic classroom environment.

Image from http//www.psychologicalscience.org/ob
server/2006/0306/images/old_classroom.jpg
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Why Go Global?

• Power of networks

Screen Shot from Chrissy Hellyer _at_ Teaching
Sagittarian http//teachingsagittarian.edublogs.o
rg/
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New Interfaces?

• Tap into the energy that people are bringing
  through new interfaces.

Image from http//flickr.com/photos/bigduke6/9008
6641/
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The Technology Toolbox

• How to pick the right tools for the job

Image from http//flickr.com/photos/mamabarns/747
588843/
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The Technology Toolbox
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ToolBox Blogs

• When to use a blog
• individual reflection seeking feedback

Grade 5 Student Blog http//heejae.learnerblogs.o
rg/
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ToolBox Blogs

• Features of a blog
• Entries posted in consecutive order, newest on
  top
• Comments from readers extend classroom learning
• Personal journal

Grade 5 Student Blog http//heejae.learnerblogs.o
rg/
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ToolBoox Wikis

• When to use a wiki
• collaborative knowledge building

Grade 6 Student Wiki http//ancientafricah.wikisp
aces.com
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ToolBox Social Networking

• When to use Social Networks
• Connecting students and teachers

Grade 4 Flat Classroom Project
http//connectedclassroom.ning.com/
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Collaborative Multimedia

• creative representation of ideas

Sample VoiceThread http//voicethread.com/home.b
6073.i45532
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ToolBox VoIP

• When to use VoIP
• Communicating with personal learning network
• Connecting on a personal level

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ToolBox VoIP

• Features of VOIP
• Audio/video e-mail
• Audio/video chat
• Recording discussions

7th Grade YackPack
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The Ultimate Goal

• Learning anytime, anywhere.
• Develop a global Personal Learning Network
• Communicate, Connect and Collaborate

Image from http//prblog.typepad.com/strategic_pu
blic_relation/images/2007/06/22/simple_social_netw
ork.png
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(No Transcript)
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• Chapter 1Computing with Services

Service-Oriented Computing Semantics, Processes,
Agents Munindar P. Singh and Michael N. Huhns,
Wiley, 2005
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Highlights of this Chapter

• Visions for the Web
• Open Environments
• Services Introduced
• The Evolving Web
• Standards Bodies

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The Web As It Is

• Not easy to program
• Designed for people to get information
• Focuses on visual display (as in HTML)
• Lacks support for meaning
• Supports low-level interactions
• HTTP is stateless
• Processing is client-server
• Creates avoidable dependencies among what should
  be independent components

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The Web As It Is Becoming

• Enable interactions autonomous, heterogeneous
  parties (information providers and users)
• Go beyond visual display to capture meaning ?
  Semantic Web
• Support standardized interfaces ? Web services
• Support complex activities ? processes
• Support rich interactions among autonomous
  parties ? agents

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Historical View of Services over the Web
Generation Scope Technology Example
First All Browser Any HTML page
Second Programmatic Screen scraper Systematically generated HTML content
Third Standardized Web services Formally described service
Fourth Semantic Semantic Web services Semantically described service
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Viewpoints on Services

• Traditionally, a capability that is provided and
  exploited, often but not always remotely
• Networking bundle of bandwidth-type properties
• Telecom features (caller ID, forwarding)
• Systems operational functions (billing,
  storage) parceled up into operation-support
  systems
• Web or Grid Web pages or Grid resources
• Wireless Wireless access messaging
• By contrast, we treat services as resembling
  real-life services or business partners

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What is a Web Service?

• A piece of business logic accessible via the
  Internet using open standards (Microsoft)
• Encapsulated, loosely coupled, contracted
  software functions, offered via standard
  protocols (DestiCorp)
• A set of interfaces providing a standard means of
  interoperating between different software
  applications, running on a variety of platforms
  and frameworks (W3C)
• Our working definition A service is
  functionality that can be engaged

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Scope

• Includes wherever Internet and Web technologies
  are employed
• Internet
• Intranet network restricted within an enterprise
• Extranet private network restricted to selected
  enterprises
• Virtual Private Network (VPN) a way to realize
  an intranet or extranet over the Internet

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Service Composition

• Vision
• Specify and provide services independently,
  hiding implementations
• Use services in combination in novel ways
• Going beyond the idea of a passive object
• Obviously desirable and challenging
• But is this what we want?
• Can or should implementations be hidden?
• What about organizational visibility?
• How to assess risk? How to handle exceptions?

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Applications of Composable Services

• Portals
• Legacy system interoperation
• E-commerce
• Virtual enterprises
• Grid computing

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Autonomy

• Independence of business partners (users and
  organizations)
• Political reasons
• Ownership of resources
• Control, especially of access privileges
• Payments
• Technical reasons
• Opacity of systems with respect to key features,
  e.g., precommit in distributed databases

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Heterogeneity

• Independence of component designers and system
  architects
• Political reasons
• Ownership of resources
• Technical reasons
• Conceptual problems in integration
• Fragility of integration
• Difficult to guarantee behavior of integrated
  systems

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Dynamism

• Independence of system administrators
• Needed because the parties change
• Architecture and implementation
• Behavior
• Interactions
• Make configurations dynamic to improve service
  quality and maintain flexibility

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Locality How to Handle the Above

• Reduce sharing of data and metadata to reduce
  inconsistencies and anomalies
• Reduce hard-coding, which reflects out-of-band
  agreements among programmers
• Bind dynamically to components
• Use standardized formats to express data
• Express important knowledge as metadata
• Use standardized languages to express metadata
• Relax consistency constraints
• Obtain remote knowledge only when needed
• Correct rather than prevent violations of
  constraints often feasible

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System Architectures Centralized
Terminal
Terminal
3270
Terminal
Terminal
Terminal
Mainframe
Terminal
Terminal
Terminal
Terminal
Terminal
Terminal
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System Architectures Client-Server
Workstation Client
PC Client
PC Client
PC Client
E-Mail Server
Web Server
Database Server
Master-Slave
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System Architectures Peer-to-Peer
Application
Application
Application
Application
E-Mail System
Web System
Database System
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System Architectures Cooperative
Agent
Application
Application
Application
Agent
Agent
Agent
Application
Agent
Agent
E-Mail System
Agent
Agent
Database System
Web System
(Mediators, Proxies, Aides, Wrappers)
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Chapter 1 Summary

• Evolving perspectives on the Web
• Evolutions in IT architectures
• Open environments challenge some fundamental
  assumptions of computer science
• Autonomy
• Heterogeneity
• Dynamism
• Services, if understood correctly, can support IT
  in open environments