American Life in the

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American Life in the Roaring Twenties

• Chapter 32

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Seeing Red

• Isolationism Americans were anti-radical,
  anti-immigrant
• Series of strikes were linked to Bolsheviks
• Red Scare led by A. Mitchell Palmer
• Nationwide crusade against left wingers
• Resulted in 6000 rounded up and jailed

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Sacco and Vanzetti

• Famous court case
• Judicial lynching convicted of murder
• Jury and judge were prejudice because both men
  were Italian, atheist, anarchist and draft
  dodgers
• Case dragged on for 6 years 1927 sentenced to
  death

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Hooded Hoodlums and the KKK

• Revival of the KKK Nativist anti-foreign,
  anti-Catholic, anti-black, anti-Jewish,
  anti-pacifist, anti-communist, anti-internationali
  st, anti-bootlegger, anti-gambling, and
  anti-birth control

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Stemming the Foreign Flood

• Between 1920 -1921 800,000 immigrants
• 2/3 from Southern and Eastern Europe
• Emergency Quota Act of 1921- 3 of the people of
  their nationality who had been living in the
  United States in 1910
• Immigration Act of 1924 quotas were cut from 3
  to 2 and the national origins base shifted from
  the census of 1910 to that of 1890

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The Prohibition Experiment

• Volstead Act outlawed the sale, distribution
  and consumption of alcohol
• Supported by South and West opposed the East
• Violations of the law were common
• Speakeasies, Rumrunners, homebrews, bathtub gin,
  etc

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Both Sides of the Question.
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Organized Crime

• Gang wars in Chicago over 500 dead
• Al Capone crime boss armor plated, bullet
  proof windows on car
• Convicted on tax evasion

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Scopes Monkey Trial

• More states require students to remain in school
  until 16 or 18
• Fundamentalist against teaching evolution in
  schools
• Southern States pass laws outlawing the teaching
  of evolution
• John Scopes of Tennessee tested the law
• Prosecution William Jennings Bryan
• Scopes found guilty and fined 100

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The Mass Consumption Economy

• Andrew Mellon Treasury Secretary favored tax
  policies that favored the rapid expansion of
  capital investment
• Cheap sources of fuel increased the productivity
  of labor
• Henry Ford perfected the assembly line

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Americas Favorite Pastime

• Producers advertised
• Americans spent millions on sports
• Babe Ruth, Yankee Stadium, Jack Dempsey
• Buying on credit millions went into debt for
  refrigerators, vacuums, and especially cars and
  radios

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Putting America on Rubber Tires

• Automobile deepest mark on America
• By 1910 69 car companies rolled out 181,000
  models
• Model T cheap rugged and reasonably priced

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Humans Develop Wings

• Wright brothers and the Kitty Hawk
• Airplane use increased by 1920
• Charles Lindbergh 1st trans-Atlantic flight

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Radio Revolution

• Radio invented in 1890s used in WWI
• Voice carrying radio 1920
• Later long distance broadcasting possible and
  radio became an avenue for advertising

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Hollywoods Filmland Fantasies

• The Great Train Robbery 1903
• Birth of a Nation 1st full length glorified the
  KKK
• 1927 Jazz Singer ushered in the age of the
  talkie
• Movies eclipsed all new forms of entertainment

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The Dynamic Decade

• 1920 most Americans live in the cities
• Women found work in cities as typist or retail
  clerks
• Margaret Sanger organized the birth control
  movement
• Alice Paul campaigned for an equal rights
  amendment
• Flapper women with bobbed hair, short hemlines,
  stockings rolled, breast taped flat, cheeks
  rouged and red lips
• Justification Sigmund Freud sexual
  gratification good for health

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Arts and Entertainment

• Jazz Age began in New Orleans
• Handy, Jelly Roll Morton, Joseph King Oliver
• Harlem Renaissance writers and poets racial
  pride in black communities
• Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Huston, Claude McKay
• Marcus Garvey founded the United Negro
  Improvement Society
• Nation of Islam Black Muslim Movement

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New Literature

• F. Scott Fitzgerald
• Ernest Hemingway
• Sinclair Lewis
• William Faulkner
• T.S. Eliot
• Robert Frost
• E. E. Cummings

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1920 The Economic Joyride

• Signals that it would end
• Real estate speculation
• Stock Market buying stocks on the margin
• National debt - 24 billion