News of the 1980

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News of the 1980s
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Mt St Helens Erupts- 1980
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• 832 A.M.
• May 18, 1980
• Registered 5.1 on the Richter Scale
• 57 people killed

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Mt. St. Helens

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vxP2dreOI8gI
  This is a short video about the eruption that is
  a little more than 7 minutes.
• http//www.history.com/videos/mount-st-helens-erup
  tsmount-st-helens-erupts This video is set to
  Should I Stay or Should I Go by the Clash- it
  is a little over 3 minutes

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John Lennon is Assassinated

• December 8, 1980
• http//www.biography.com/blog/john-lennons-tragic-
  death-33-years-later-a-timeline-of-events This
  is a timeline of events with Lennons
  assassination
• Mark David Chapman- assassin
• http//abcnews.go.com/blogs/extras/2011/12/08/dec-
  8-john-lennon-shot-killed-1980/ This is the ABC
  announcement of his death
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vrQWx9892r-E
  Howard Cosell announcing death on Monday Night
  Football

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Assassination Attempt on Pope John Paul II- May
13, 1981
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• Pope John Paul II was shot four times
• Mehmet Ali Agca was attempted assassin
• Sentenced to life in prison- in 2000 he was
  pardoned at the request of the Pope. Sent to
  another prison to serve terms for other offenses-
  released in 2010
• One theory is he was hired by KGB because of
  Popes support of the Polish movement for
  independence
• Pope and Agca met and developed a relationship-
  Pope announced he forgave Agca

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Royal Wedding- July 29, 1981 Prince Charles and
Lady Diana
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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vo8cniGcg2xU
  Lady Diana entering the church for her wedding to
  Prince Charles
• Global audience of 750 million people
• Considered a fairy tale wedding

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August 5, 1981- Reagan fires air traffic
controllers on strike

• http//content.time.com/time/specials/packages/art
  icle/0,28804,2085383_2085381_2085346,00.html
  This is considered to be 3 on Times list of
  government showdowns.
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vDc8brHWFZMY This
  is Reagan speaking about the strike.
• 11,345 workers were fired- Reagan stated they
  were in violation of the law that forbids
  government union workers from striking

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(No Transcript)
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1981- Sandra Day OConnor nominated to be first
woman on the Supreme Court

• Tended to be strong conservative
• In later years was a swing vote
• Nominated by President Reagan
  

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Sandra Day OConnor Quotes

• I think the important thing about my appointment
  is not that I will decide cases as a woman, but
  that I am a woman who will get to decide cases.
• I tried to decide each case based on the law and
  the Constitution.

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1982- Barney Clark receives first artificial heart

• Lives 112 days
• http//www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2009/12/dayinte
  ch_1202jarvikheart/ This article talks about
  Clark and why he was not a candidate for a heart
  transplant
• Jarvik 7- type of artificial heart

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Sally Ride- First American Woman in Space
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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vwojiv4AhD4g
  Sally Ride recalls her first mission to space
• http//www.biography.com/people/sally-ride-9458284
  /videos This is a mini biography of Sally Ride
• Flew on Challenger mission in 1983

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1983- Vanessa Williams Became First Black Miss
America

• http//www.biography.com/people/vanessa-williams-9
  542151 Mini Biography of Vanessa Williams
• Soon afterwards had to return her crown because
  of inappropriate photos that were released in
  Penthouse

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1983- Beirut Bombings

• http//www.cnn.com/2013/06/13/world/meast/beirut-m
  arine-barracks-bombing-fast-facts/
• http//www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/
  big/1023.html

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• Two truck bombs struck buildings housing the U.S.
  and French forces
• Killed a total of 299 American and French
  servicemen (241 American servicemen- 220 were
  Marines)
• Suicide bombers detonated each of the truck bombs
• It was the deadliest single-day death toll for
  the Marines since the Battle of Iwo Jima

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1983 Invasion of Grenada
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Operation Urgent Fury

• Triggered by a military coup that had ousted a
  revolutionary government
• Restored a constitutional government
• There had been a request for intervention
• Invasion began Oct 25, 1983 (just a couple of
  days after the bombing of the U.S. barracks in
  Beirut)

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1984- iMary Lou Retton
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• First female gymnast from outside Eastern Europe
  to win the Olympic gold medal in the Gymnastic
  Individual All-around competition
• Inspired by Nadia Comaneci
• Trained under Romanians Bela and Marta Karolyi
  (they coached Nadia Comaneci)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v4sSuTdsjxTI (Mary
  Lou reflects on winning the gold)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vAFKCFvZDs3A
  Covering Rettons Perfect 10

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Olympics Highlights

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vYi_5xbd5xdE
• 1976 Nadia highlight of Olympics moments- first
  perfect 10 score in gymnastics
• (Motivation for Mary Lou Retton)

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1984

• http//sports.yahoo.com/video/carl-lewis-historic-
  olympic-performance-140500946.html
• Carl Lewis wins 4 Gold Medals at the Los Angeles
  Summer Olympics

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1984- Indira Gandhi Assassinated

• Prime Minister of India
• Known for political ruthlessness
• Went to war with Pakistan in support of the
  independence movement in East Pakistan
• Resulted in an Indian victory and the creation of
  Bangladesh
• Assassinated by her bodyguards- the bodyguards
  were Sikh and there was a Sikh separatist
  movement in India that she attempted to repress
• http//www.biography.com/people/indira-gandhi-9305
  913?page1

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1984- Bhopal Disaster

• December 2, 1984
• Pesticide plant in Bhopal, India leaked methyl
  isocynate gas and other chemicals
• Dense toxic cloud
• Killed more than 8000 people in just a few days
• Factory belonged to Union Carbide- made a
  settlement with the Indian Government in 1989 for
  470 million (a total of only 370 to 533 per
  victim)
• Groundwater and soil is still contaminated

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http//www.youtube.com/watch?vpTxM8RvqXow
This is a 6 minute video about the Bhopal
Disaster.
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1984- Michael Jackson severely burned

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vU2lZuw3j3ro
  Filming of a Pepsi commercial- Jackson suffered
  from second and third degree burns
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vpo0jY4WvCIc This
  commercial came out later

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1985- New Coke was a total disaster!
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• Major marketing failure
• Reintroduction of Cokes original formula was
  rebranded as Coca-Cola Classic

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1986- Challenger Explosion
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http//www.youtube.com/watch?vj4JOjcDFtBE This
is a video of the explosion live on
CNNhttp//www.history.com/topics/challenger-disas
ter/videosengineering-disasters---challenger
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• January 28, 1986
• Broke apart 73 seconds into flight
• 7 crew members died
• O-ring seal in its right solid rocket booster
  failed at liftoff- it allowed pressurized hot gas
  from within the solid rocket motor to reach the
  outside

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1986-Iran Contra Scandal
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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vp7LEByr_QNE This
  is a ten minute video about the Iran Contra
  Affair
• Lt. Col. Oliver North
• Began in 1985- Reagans administration supplied
  weapons to Iran in the hopes of securing the
  release of American hostages in Lebanon by
  terrorists loyal to Khomeini

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http//www.history.com/speeches/ronald-reagan-on-i
ran-contra-hearingsronald-reagan-on-iran-contra-h
earings

• US took millions of dollars from the weapons
  sale- routed the money and guns to right wing
  Contra guerrillas in Nicaragua
• Contras were opponents of Nicaraguas Sandinista
  Junta of National Reconstruction
• Democratic dominated Congress passed the Boland
  Amendment- banning aide to the Contras

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• Part of the deal was that the U.S. would send 508
  American made TOW anti-tank missiles from Israel
  to Iran for the safe exchange of a hostage
  (Reverend Benjamin Weir)
• Israelis offered to ship 500 HAWK surface to air
  missiles to Iran in November 1985 in exchange for
  the release of all remaining American hostages
  being held in Lebanon
• Arms were sold with proceeds going to the
  Contras, and hostages were released

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• Eventually the terrorists elected to kidnap more
  hostages following their release of the previous
  ones
• Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa published a series
  of articles in November 1986 that exposed the
  weapons for hostages deal
• Congress issued a report that the president bore
  ultimate responsibility

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Tower Commission

• Republican Senator John Tower headed up a review
  board
• President had been inefficient in controlling
  National Security Council- they made the illegal
  deals
• Not known from hearings if president knew about
  the Contra support
• Televised May to August 1987

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• North had been the main negotiator
• He stated he was under the orders from his
  superiors
• May 1989 he was convicted of unlawfully
  destroying government documents
• When George H.W. Bush became president- Norths
  conviction was expunged on the grounds he acted
  out of patriotism
• Bush issued presidential pardons for all indicted
  in the scandal

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1987- Baby Jessica
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• http//www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20
  193651,00.html The Epic Rescue of Jessica
  McClure
• http//content.time.com/time/specials/packages/art
  icle/0,28804,1977927_1977934_1977866,00.html
  Rescue of Jessica was 2 on Times list of
  Miraculous Rescues
• http//www.biography.com/people/baby-jessica-17175
  736 Shows rescue
• http//hellogiggles.com/news-nostalgia-lets-talk-a
  bout-baby-jessica There is video within this
  with the rescue (around 5 minutes)
• 18 months old, fell down 22-foot well, trapped
  for 58 hours

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1989-Exxon Valdez
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• Oil Spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska
• March 24, 1989- hit a reef
• Spilled 260,000 to 750,000 barrels of crude oil
• Considered to be one of the most devastating
  human caused environmental disasters
• Remote location made it difficult for a response
  effort
• Captain had been drinking heavily- but was not at
  the controls (he was asleep)

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• Third mate who was at the controls did not have a
  radar that was working (had been broken for about
  a year) so he could not look to see it was close
  to the reef
• Exxon management knew the radar was broken and
  had opted to not fix it