Warm-Up

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Ch. 52 Warm-Up

• Name examples of biotic and abiotic factors in
  the environment surrounding BSHS.
• Which biomes can be found in South Carolina?
• Define the following terms (either on separate
  notecards or vocab list page)
• population
• community
• ecosystem
• biosphere

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Warm-Up Generating Hypotheses

• Question What type of cleaner will kill the most
  germs?
• Develop a hypothesis based on this question. Be
  sure to include
• Independent variable (IV)
• Dependent variable (DV)
• What will your control be?
• What are some things that you will keep constant
  between test groups?
• Vocab terms biogeography, fixed action pattern,
  sign stimulus, kinesis, taxis, imprinting,
  migration

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CHAPTER 52
An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
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You Must Know

• The role of abiotic factors in the formation of
  biomes.
• Features of freshwater and marine biomes.
• Major terrestrial biomes and their
  characteristics.

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Ecology the scientific study of the interactions
between organisms and the environment

• The ecological study of species involves biotic
  and abiotic influences.
• Biotic living (organisms behaviors
  interactions between organisms)
• Abiotic nonliving (temp, water, salinity,
  sunlight, soil)

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Hierarchy

• Organisms
• Population group of individuals of same species
  living in a particular geographic area
• Community group of populations of different
  species in an area
• Ecosystem community of organisms physical
  factors
• Landscape mosaic of connected ecosystems
• Biosphere global ecosystem

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Climate long-term prevailing weather conditions
in a particular area

• Climate temperature precipitation sunlight
  wind
• Macroclimate vs. microclimate
• Macro work at seasonal, regional or local level
• Micro small-scale environmental variation (eg.
  under a log)
• Climate change some species may not survive
  shifting ranges

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Global Climate PatternsSunlight intensity
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Global Climate PatternsAir Circulation
Precipitation Patterns
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Global Climate PatternsOcean Currents
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Global Climate PatternsMountains affect rainfall
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Which side of the canyon has more plants? Why?
Black Canyon of the Gunnison River
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Biomes major types of ecosystems that occupy
very broad geographic regions
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Climate and elevation determine biomes
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Climograph plot of temperature precipitation
in a particular region
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Tropical Forest
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Desert
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Savanna
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Chaparral
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Temperate Grassland
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Northern Coniferous Forest
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Temperate Broadleaf Forest
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Tundra
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Lakes
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Wetlands
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Streams Rivers
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Estuaries
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Intertidal Zones
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Oceanic Pelagic Zone (Open Water)
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Coral Reefs
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Marine Benthic Zone
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Biogeography geographic distribution of species

• Factors
• Dispersal movement away from area of origin
• Behavior habitat selection
• Biotic factors other species, food resources,
  competition, pollinators, predators
• Abiotic factors temp, water, oxygen, salinity,
  sunlight, rocks soil

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What factors may have influenced the distribution
of this species?
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Bozeman
Ecosystems