Kitchens

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Kitchens

• Interior Design
• Ms.McCann

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The Art Institute of Houston

• AIH has a new program - Kitchen and Bath Design,
  Associate of Applied Arts
• 2 year program
• Job outlook designer, retailer, manufacturer,
  installer, sales distributor/manufacturers' rep.

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Kitchens

• This room serves as the meeting point or
  gathering place in todays homes.

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Current trends

• high-end appliances
• wine refrigerators
• drink stations
• custom countertops of natural and high tech
  materials
• more overall square footage
• more storage space and built-in storage
• custom cabinetry
• flat screen televisions tablet holders

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• Kitchens should reflect the needs, wants and
  lifestyle of the household they serve.
• Efficient layout and design is more important
  than size.
• Efficient design promotes safety.

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Work Centers

• Kitchens are designed around work centers.
  These areas of the kitchen especially equipped
  for a particular chore.

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• Most work centers are built around a major
  appliance or fixture and include both counter and
  storage space.

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• A well-planned kitchen includes three basic
  work centers food storage, cooking and cleanup.
  Some kitchens have mixing and planning centers as
  well.

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• Food storage center the refrigerator stores
  fresh food and the Pantry
• stores sauces,
• mixes canned
• foods.
• If it is convenient,
• store spices
• near the stove.

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• Cooking center the focus is the range,
  microwave and oven. There must be ventilation in
  this area.
• Other items in this
• center are small
• appliances mixers,
• blenders, toaster
• ovens, pots, pans
• utensils are
• in this center as well.

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Cleanup center

• The sink,dishwasher, garbage disposal,
  recycling bins perhaps a trash can or compactor
  are in this center. Dishcloths cleaning
  supplies are stored in this area as well. It is
  convenient to store plates, cups and flatware
  near the dishwasher.

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Mixing center

• Much of the food
• preparation takes
• place here.

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Mixing Center

• The Mixing Center is best located
• between the refrigerator the
• sink or between the sink
• the range.
• Mixing bowls, knives,
• cutting boards etc.
• should all be within easy
• reach.

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Planning center

• The place to plan meals and store cookbooks,
  coordinate family messages, schedules and
  correspondence.

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The Work Triangle

• The triangle is formed by drawing imaginary lines
  between the stove-top, sink and refrigerator.

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• The work triangle should be between 12 feet and
  22 feet, slightly larger to accommodate a wheel
  chair.
• No one side of the work triangle should be longer
  than 9 feet or shorter than 4 feet.

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• The work triangle functions best when the 3 sides
  are nearly equal in length and traffic does
  not cross through it.

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4 basic layouts of kitchens U - shaped
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4 basic layouts of kitchensL - shaped
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4 basic layouts of kitchensGalley
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4 basic layouts of kitchensOne Wall
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• Islands are free standing in the center of the
  kitchen.

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• This L - shaped kitchen has a
• peninsula.

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• Cabinets in the kitchen are both base and wall
  cabinets.
• Base cabinets are usually 24 inches deep.
• Wall cabinets are 12 inches deep. The cabinet
  width can be customized.

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• The color of the finishes of the cabinets should
  be chosen first, as it sets the tone of the
  kitchen. Light colored cabinets give a feeling of
  light airiness, spaciousness.
• Dark cabinets give a sense of richness and
  coziness.

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• Cabinets can be constructed of hardwood,
  softwood, plastic laminate or metal. The most
  durable cabinet is hardwood.

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• Countertops should be attractive and durable. The
  ideal countertop would withstand chopping,
  grinding, cutting, hot dishes and stains.
• No material has all these features!

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Plastic Laminate

• Economical choice, easy to clean comes in a
  range of colors.
• It scratches, scorches and it
• is difficult to repair.

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Solid Surface

• Easy to clean, durable, resists germs and mildew
  and comes in a range of colors
• It can scorch
• It is expensive

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Wood, Butcher Block

• Good for chopping
• Not very sanitary, must bleach sand it often

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Ceramic Tile

• Durable, yet decorative, heat, scratch and scorch
  resistant

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Ceramic Tile

• Disadvantages
• The grout, the space between the tiles, must be
  sealed to prevent staining
• The surface can be uneven

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Marble and Granite

• Good for pastry or candy making
• Stains easily and is expensive
• Durable and stain resistant

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Marble and Granite Countertops
Can be very expensive
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Concrete Countertops

• Resists scorching scratching, stains readily
• Can have inlays of tile, pebbles, fossils, stones
• But it can crack chip

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Concrete Countertops
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Stainless steel

• Easy to clean
• Expensive, can dent scratch, shows fingerprints

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• Backsplash is the vertical countertop that runs
  up to the wall cabinet

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ATTENTION! ATTENTION!!

• The rounding and dog earring of countertop edges
  can reduce accidents and injuries in the kitchen.

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• Electrical outlets are placed 5 to 6 feet apart
  on walls and countertops. G.F.C.I. outlets are
  smart choices!

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For ventilation three choices are available

• Range or canopy hoods

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• Microwave range hood

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Down-draft hood
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Universal Design elements in kitchens

• Ample room to maneuver about in a wheelchair
• Countertops with rounded edges
• Lower countertop heights
• Large, easy to grip cabinet pulls

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More

• Base cabinets that allow for wheelchair
  accessibility
• Illuminated cabinet interiors
• Turntables, pullout shelves in the base cabinets

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• Pull out shelves make storage easily
  accessible. Modified base cabinets allow
  wheelchair assisted persons to get close up for
  certain tasks.

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• A Lazy Susan turntable helps to utilize space
  that would otherwise be dead.
• Pull out shelves also utilize space.

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When shopping for appliances

• Do your research
• Check out consumer information
• and reviews
• Shop for Energy Star appliances and fixtures

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When shopping . . .

• Choose the special features and style you desire
• Be aware of the
• PRICE!!

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• Ranges can be built-in or drop-in
• Induction, gas or electric

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Induction range
Electromagnetic coils below a ceramic-glass
surface transfer energy to the cooking pot/pan
above the coils, keeping the rest of the cooktop
cool.
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Gas Ranges

• Controlled gas flames
• heat open burners.

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Electric Ranges

• Electric coils under a ceramic-glass surface warm
  the smooth cooktop on an electric range. The
  coils heat the surface.
• Electric coils are exposed

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• Ovens can be
• conventional (heat)
• convection (uses fans to circulate heated air
  over the food)
• microwave
• halogen (powerful halogen lights that reduce
  cooking time dramatically)
• rapid-cook (combination conventional
  convection).

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Self Cleaning Ovens

• Pyrolitic ovens use heat to destroy debris
• Catalytic ovens have enzymes inlaid in the oven
  lining that destroys debris

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• Dishwashers are now available in a 2 drawer
  design, great for universal design.

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Garbage disposals

• either continuous or batch-feed.