Toward%20a%20biomedical%20research%20commons:%20A%20view%20from%20NLM-NIH

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Toward a biomedical research commons A view
from NLM-NIH

• Jerry Sheehan
• Assistant Director for Policy Development
• National Library of Medicine National
  Institutes of Health
• Designing the Microbial Research Commons
• 8-9 October 2009, Washington, DC

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National Library of MedicineMore than a Library

• Worlds largest medical library (gt8 million
  artifacts)
• Intramural research laboratories
• Lister Hill Natl Center for Biomed. Comms.
• National Center for Biotechnology Information
• Extramural research and training
• Information services for various audiences
• Medline citations to published literature
• PubMed Central full text journal articles
• MedlinePlus consumer-oriented information
• Special Populations - Arctic Health, Native
  American, Asian American, Seniors
• Genbank gene sequences
• Genetics Home Reference
• dbGaP genome wide associations
• PubChem small molecules database
• Hazardous Substances Database
• ToxTown - for school children
• ClinicalTrials.gov

www.nlm.nih.gov
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NLM databases By the numbers

• PubMed/Medline
• 16 million citations
• 5300 journals.
• 700K new citations added per year
• 750M searches per year
• PubMed Central
• Contains 1.8M full text articles
• More than 300K users per day

• ClinicalTrials.gov
• 80,000 registered trials
• 200 results records/month

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Specialized microbial information sources and
collections
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New Information Service Rapid Research Notes

• www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rrn
• Archives research made available through emerging
  online venues for rapid scientific communication.
  
• Material from participating publisher programs
  for immediate communication.
• Stable identifier provided.
• Submissions not formally peer reviewed, but
  screened by expert group for suitability.
• Initial content from PLoS Currents Influenza
  ltwww.ploscurrents.org/influenzagt.
• Expect to expand over time to include additional
  collections in other high-interest biomedical
  fields.

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Integrating scientific data and information is
key to advances
Links 3760

• Only a few of the interconnected NLM/NCBI
  scientific databases

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Integrating information sources From PubMed
Journal Citation. . .
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To PubMed Centrals Full Text Article
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Using identifer to link to a clinical research
study in ClinicalTrials.gov
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ClinicalTrials.gov study record
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Coming full circle Link back to the scientific
literature
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Further integration with other NLM Resources
Chemical Structures in Article
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3-D View of Chemical and Protein
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RWJ-270201 bound to neuraminidase
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Data and information sharing a priority for NIH

• Opportunity -- Apply high-throughput technologies
  to understand fundamental biology and uncover the
  causes of specific disease states.
• High throughput technologies provide us with
  the opportunity to ask questions that have the
  word ALL in them. What are ALL the transcripts
  in a cell? What are ALL the protein interactions?
  
• Those kinds of questions are now approachable,
  especially if we do the right job of making
  really powerful databases publicly accessible to
  all those who need them and empower investigators
  in small labs as well as big labs to plunge into
  that kind of mindset.

Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D.
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NIH-wide policies to promote data information
sharing
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Issues to consider

• How to encourage participation
• Incentives for sharing data/information (e.g.
  recognition for data sharing)
• Expectation of scientific community
• Requirement of funding agency, publisher
• Monitoring compliance
• Make it simple
• Policy design
• What information to share (e.g., final, raw)
• When to share information (pre/post approval)
• Where to share (is infrastructure provided?)
• How prescriptive to be
• Take into account various stakeholder interests
• Facilitating interoperability
• Terminologies and vocabularies
• Identifiers and their use in the community
• Metadata standards, reference standards
• Can good data curation practices be embedded in
  research training?

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The good news

• Progress is being made -- number of successful
  data sharing efforts increasing
• Growing interest in and appreciation of
  importance of data and information sharing in
  biomedical research
• Increasing attention to need for infrastructure
  and resources

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Additional information
NIH Data Sharing Policy http//grants.nih.gov/gran
ts/policy/data_sharing/ NIH Public Access
Policy http//publicaccess.nih.gov/ PubMed
Central www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov National
Library of Medicine www.nlm.nih.gov Jerry
Sheehan SheehanJR_at_nlm.nih.gov