Twentieth Century House Forms and Materials

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Twentieth Century House Forms and Materials
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Bungalows 1890-1940

• Bungalow has its roots in Stick Style,
  particularly as expressed in the Craftsman
  movement as popularized by Gustav Stuckey in his
  magazine, The Craftsman. It was inspired by
  Charles and Henry Greene, who practiced in
  Pasadena, California between 1893 and 1913. Their
  bungalows began about 1903. These houses are
  contemporaneous with Prairie Style buildings and
  were popularized through style books and
  magazines as were the Prairie and Colonial
  Revival buildings. It has enormous variety of
  forms and finishes. Bungalow houses continue to
  be built up to World War II, but are rare from
  the rebuilding after that War.

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Often called Arts Crafts houses Craftsman
bungalow or A C bungalow Term bungalow
derived from words used to describe houses built
in India for English colonists by local
laborers Influenced by Arts Crafts movement in
England Gustav Stickley William
Morris Originated in California in 1901 Charles
Sumner Greene Henry Mather Greene Period of
Popularity 1905 - 1930 Blended elements of Arts
Crafts, vernacular folk houses, Stick
Victorian, Romanesque and Asian architecture and
design Popularized through magazines Numerous
pattern books promoted the style Utilised by
Sears, Aladdin Homes and other mail order kit
house companies Provided affordable single family
houses for new suburbs Helped satisfy high
demand for housing post WWI
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Defining Features Low pitched gabled roof Wide,
unenclosed overhanging eaves Exposed roof
rafters simple decorative beams and braces Full
or partial width one story porches Square or
tapered square columns as porch supports Solid
masonry piers supporting columns or solid porch
balustrade Gabled dormers Wall cladding is
typically wood clapboard or wood shingles with
stone, brick, concrete block and stucco used in
North Midwest
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Bungalows, 1890-1940

• Charles and Henry Greene
• Diverse origins, American production
• Contemporary to Prairie style
• Middle class worker housing
• Popularized through style books, magazines (The
  Craftsman, Ladies Home Journal)
• Mail order companies (Aladdin, Sears Roebuck)

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Bungalows, 1890-1940Characteristics

• 1 or 1 ½ story
• Distinctive roof w/ low pitch and overhanging
  eaves
• Porches and posts (battered piers)
• Asymmetry

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Sears and Roebuckadvertisement
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Irwin House, Pasadena, Calif.1906 (Greene and
Greene)
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Gamble House, Pasadena, Calif.1908, (Greene and
Greene)
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Gamble House, Pasadena, Calif.1908, (Greene and
Greene)
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Gamble House, Pasadena, Calif.1908, (Greene and
Greene)
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Gamble House, Pasadena, Calif.1908, (Greene and
Greene)
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Sears, Roebuck Co. Kit House catalogue 1908 -
1914
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The Osborne Sears, Roebuck Co. 1915-1920
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FOUR Subtypes Front Gabled Roof 35 Full or
partial width one story porches under main roof
or with separate extended roofs Typically 1
story 1½ - 2 story examples exist as well 10
have dormers Cross Gabled Roof 25 Partial
width front gabled porch forms cross gable 75
of these are one story 20 have dormers Side
Gabled Roof 35 1½ story with centered
shed/gable dormers Porches usually under main
roof often break in slope Common in NE
Midwest Hipped Roof lt10 1 2 story
examples are equally common Similar to simple
Prairie house
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Four Square
Sears, Roebuck Co. Kit House catalogue 1908 -
1914
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American Foursquare
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American Foursquare
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American Foursquare
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Lustron Homes and other modular components

• Lustron House, 411 Bowser Ave., CHESTERTON,
  Porter County, IN. Originally designed by Roy
  Burton Blass and Morris H. Backman.
• Interior view.
• 2. Armco-Ferro House, 251 Lake Front Dr. (moved
  from Century of Progress exhibition in Chicago,IL
  1933), BEVERLY SHORES, Porter County, IN. Robert
  Smith, Jr., Cleveland Ohio (architect). Sponsored
  by the American Mill Rolling Company and the
  Ferro Enamel Corporation.
• Manufacturer Plate
• HABS Drawing of first floor.