Renewable%20and%20Nonrenewable%20Resources

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Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

• Chapter C2

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Nonrenewable Resources (1)

• Useful minerals and other materials that people
  take from the Earth are called ____________
  ___________
• A __________ _________ is a resource that cannot
  be replaced once it is used up
• Nonrenewable resources take ___________ of years
  to form
• _______ and __________ resources are nonrenewable
• __________ are used to make silicone chips for
  computers, metals such as aluminum, copper,
  silver and gold. They also include _______ such
  as diamonds and emeralds
• Mineral deposits from rocks can become hot and
  flow through cracks in cooler rocks, forming
  deposits called _________. Minerals such as
  _______ and __________ can be found in veins

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Nonrenewable Resources (2)

• Mineral deposits can also form in _________, and
  as it cools, heavy materials sink and form
  deposits rich in ________, such as iron and
  nickel
• Mineral deposits are spread out _________
  throughout the Earth, and thus countries often
  ________ to get the resources they need
• _______ is another example of a nonrenewable
  resource
• Minerals go back into the soil when plants and
  animals ______ and __________
• People can destroy soil by __________ it, or by
  putting certain ____________ on it
• It takes _____________ of years to replace a few
  centimeters of soil

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Renewable and Reusable Resources

• A ____________ resource is one that the Earth
  produces new amounts of at the same rate as they
  are used
• Most _________ are renewable resources, but only
  if new trees are allowed to grow
• Important products such as _________, __________,
  ________, and turpentine come from forests
• Resources such as _______ and ______ are not
  renewable and can be used over and over. We call
  them ____________ resources
• Natural cycles such as the ________ _______
  renew the Earths reusable resources
• Sun __________ water from the Earths surface
  into the atmosphere and as it _______, water
  vapor ___________, forming clouds
• Although reusable resources cannot be used up,
  they can be ___________
• During ___________, water loses any pollution it
  may have picked up. But, _________ and _________
  pick up any pollution in the air

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Fossil Fuels

• _______, ________ ______, and ____________ are
  valuable resources known as fossil fuels
• They are called fossils fuels because they formed
  from the _______ of once-living _________
• Fossil fuels are ___________ resources
• __________ a fossil fuel releases large amounts
  of ________ and so are widely used
• Fossil fuels are found in many places and the
  technology for ________ fossil fuels has improved
  and thus increased their use
• Coal is used to make __________
• ____________, made from petroleum, are found in
  medicines, makeup, paints and plastics

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Energy from the Sun (1)

• __________ fossil fuels releases energy that came
  form the ______
• The energy was stored in ______ of ancient
  __________ that were buried in ________ millions
  of years ago
• So, coal, natural gas, and petroleum are found in
  layers of __________ rock
• _________ is the worlds most widely used fossil
  fuel and produces a lot of ______ when it is
  burned
• Petroleum is mainly used for ___________ because
  it is easier to ________ and ________ than coal
  and natural gas
• The petroleum used today formed when
  microorganisms ________ and fell to the bottom of
  ancient _______
• Over many years, layer upon layer of _________
  covered them and deep within the Earth there is a
  lot of _______ and ________ and this helped
  change their decaying ________ into petroleum and
  natural gas

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Energy from the Sun (2)

• Natural gas is mostly a gas called __________ and
  is used mostly for _______ and ________
• _______ is the most common fossil fuel and comes
  from ________ that lived in swamps ________ of
  years ago
• Mud and other ________ covered their remains at
  the bottom of swamps and slowly the plants
  changed into ______
• The United States has large deposits of ______
  and _________ _________

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Energy from the Sun (3)

• The United States uses so much petroleum that
  some is ________ from Saudi Arabia and Nigeria
• _________ _________ stations use most of the
  _______ mined in the United States and have found
  ways to control ___________
• The world is slowing running out of ________
  _______ and are starting to use more ___________
  resources, such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric
  energy

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Coal Formation

• As coal forms, it goes through ______ stages, and
  the amount of ______ increases at each stage
• Stage 1 _______ formation, which is a soft,
  brown material made up of partly _________ plants
  that forms in ________
• Stage 2 ________ is produced from peat, which is
  a soft, brown _______ and as layers of sand and
  mud build up their weight squeezes __________ out
  of the peat, turning it into a soft rock
• Stage 3 __________ forms and is a fairly hard,
  dark brown, or black ________. Millions of years
  of _______ and _________ of even more layers of
  sediment turn __________ into bitumen
• __________ is the most common type of coal mined
  and used today
• Stage 4 Bitumen becomes _________, which is a
  hard, black rock formed under great heat and
  pressure and is almost pure ________

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Petroleum and Natural Gas

• Petroleum and natural gas are found only in
  _________ rock
• Geologists can identify ______ structures that
  are likely to hold petroleum and natural gas
• Since the microorganisms that formed lived in
  ______, many petroleum and natural deposits are
  found _____ ______
• ___________ drilling takes place from huge
  platforms built over the water
• When a drill locates a deposit of petroleum or
  natural gas, the petroleum has to be _________ to
  the ground
• Sometimes the petroleum is under such great
  pressure that it _________ to the surface and
  lead to the waste of valuable petroleum

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Making Choices

• Earths population is _______, but the amounts of
  _______ _______ are not
• Each choice and decision we make has only a small
  effect on _______ ______ but the choices have a
  big effect over _______

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Changing Behaviors

• The simplest way to conserve nonrenewable natural
  resources is to ________ _________ resources
• Saving renewable and reusable resources from
  damage includes keeping them free from
  ____________
• Renewable resources need protection from
  __________
• Limiting ___________ through laws and protecting
  __________ that provide habitats for animals is
  essential

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Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

• It takes __________ trees each week just to make
  paper for Sunday newspapers
• One way to conserve resources is to ________ the
  amounts that are used
• Using less energy conserves ________ _________
  using less paper conserves __________ using
  fewer bottles and cans conserves ____________
• Many things that cant be reused can be
  __________, which is the process of taking back a
  _________ used to make a product
• Recycling aluminum cans saves both _________ and
  _______ as making cans from recycled aluminum
  uses much less ________ than making cans from
  bauxite does