Environment, Peoples, and Cultures

1
Environment, Peoples, and Cultures

• Geography
• Mr. Biddle

2
Movement

• Like we have discussed before people move around
  for various reasons. (Pull and Push Factors)
• The main reason for the movement is for Survival

3
Movement

• There are two types of people in the world (That
  includes modern day and in history)
• Nomads
• Sedentary

4
Nomadic Peoples (Nomads)

• Nomadic people move from place to place rather
  than settling down in one location
• Many cultures have been traditionally nomadic,
  but traditional nomadic behavior is increasingly
  rare in industrialized countries

5
Nomadic Peoples (Nomads)

• Nomadic groups are typically small, because they
  cant sustain large populations
• Nomadic groups must focus on the bare necessities
  to survive. They do not have time for very much
  leisure activities

6
Nomadic Peoples (Nomads)

• Most Nomads live in an egalitarian society (men
  and women are treated equal) and are very
  religious, because they depend on nature for
  their survival
• There are three kinds of nomads Hunter-gathers,
  Pastoralists, Peripatetics

7
Nomadic Peoples (Nomads)

• Hunter-gatherers- have by far the longest-lived
  subsistence method in human history, (exsisted
  the longest) They follow seasonally available
  wild plants and game. They move around from
  place to place for food

8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
Nomadic Peoples (Nomads)

• Pastoralists- raise herds and move with them so
  as not to deplete pasture beyond recovery in any
  one area. They use that herd and live off of the
  animals

12
Nomadic Peoples (Nomads)

• Peripatetic nomads- are more common in
  industrialized nations traveling from place to
  place offering trades wherever they go (Gypsies,
  Merchants)

13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
Sedentary Peoples

• The term sedentary in biology and anthropology
  applies to species and peoples that are not
  migratory but rather remain at a single location
  permanently fixed or otherwise

16
Sedentary Peoples

• Sedentary Groups began to show up around the same
  time that agriculture was introduced to the world
• Groups are able to stay in one place, because
  they can grow enough food to sustain living

17
Sedentary Peoples

• Sedentary groups are typically larger than
  nomadic ones, because they can control how much
  food is produced
• Sedentary groups have more time for leisure,
  because their bare necessities are easily met

18
Environments, Peoples, and Cultures

• Culture- the way of life of a group of people
  with common traditions, interests, and beliefs
• A peoples way of life

19
Environments, Peoples, and Cultures

• A Societies culture includes
• The way in which peoples meet their needs
• Their history
• Government
• Language
• Religion
• Art
• Literature
• Music

20
Agriculture

• About 10,000 years ago agriculture was introduced
  into the world
• Eventually people began to stop moving around and
  began to farm the same land one year to the next

21
Agriculture

• Farmers eventually started growing surplus goods
  for other people (advances in technology), which
  led to specialization of different jobs
• Then they trade there goods or services for the
  food or grain. This exchanged was easier when
  people gathered in one spot, so villages, cities,
  and towns began to develop. This began to
  develop trade routes

22
(No Transcript)
23
Agriculture

• There are two types of agriculture
• Traditional
• Commercial

24
Traditional (Subsistence Farming)

• Farming that depends heavily on human labor,
  animal power, and basic farm tools where the
  individual usually grows just enough food for
  themselves

25
Traditional (Subsistence Farming)

• If the farmer has a good year they may have some
  to sell or trade, but typically they just grow
  food to eat and not to sell
• Most farmers in the World are traditional farmers

26
Commercial

• A type of farming where food crops and animals
  are produced mainly for sale
• Commercial farmers can farm large areas of land
  using little human labor, by using modern
  fertilizers, pesticides-chemicals, and machinary
  (Technology)

27
Commercial

• These new technologies along with agriculture
  have made the US and the world a very
  interdependent society
• We rely heavily on others to make our food and
  transport it to certain locations

28
(No Transcript)
29
Environmental Challenges

• The environment is a source of many challenges to
  the worlds peoples
• Some environmental problems occur naturally, and
  others occur as a direct result of peoples
  actions

30
Environmental Challenges

• Environmental problems that happen that people
  can not control is called an environmental hazard
• Ex- Tornadoes, Hurricanes, Tsunamis, Volcanoes,
  and Earthquakes

31
Environmental Challenges

• A serious environmental problem today is
  pollution, unclean or impure elements in the
  environment
• Effects the air, water, and land

32
(No Transcript)
33
Environmental Challenges

• Most pollution is caused by burning fossil
  fuels, which gives of poisonous gases
• Homes, Industries, and Motor Vehicles burn most
  of the fuel causing pollution
• Buring garbage is also a cause of pollution