Bell Work

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Bell Work

• What were the two main engagements of the Texas
  Revolution?
• This Day in History
• February 27, 1827- A group of masked and costumed
  students dance through the streets of New
  Orleans, Louisiana, marking the beginning of the
  city's famous Mardi Gras celebrations.
• February 27, 1864- Union prisoners begin arriving
  at Andersonville Prison in southern Georgia. The
  prison would becomes synonymous with death as a
  quarter of its inmates died.
• February 27, 1962- South Vietnamese President Ngo
  Dinh Diem survives another coup attempt when
  Republic of Vietnam Air Force pilots Lieutenants
  Pham Phu Quoc and Nguyen Van Cu try to kill him
  and his brother Ngo Dinh Nhu by bombing and
  strafing the presidential palace.

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The Mexican-American War and Gold Rush
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Mexican War Starts

• James K. Polk was determined to get the New
  Mexico and California territories.
• John Slidell was sent to Mexico to offer 30
  million for the territories, and to establish the
  Texas border at the Rio Grande River.
• Mexico refused to sell.

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Mexican War starts

• General Zachary Taylor was ordered into the
  disputed territory in Texas between the Nueces
  and Rio Grande Rivers.
• Mexico viewed this as an invasion and attacked.
• Polk went before Congress and asked for a
  declaration of war saying, Mexico had invaded
  our territory and shed American blood upon the
  American soil.
• Congress declared war on May 13, 1846.

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War Plan

• Drive Mexican forces out of Texas. (Achieved by
  Zachary Taylor by 1847)
• Seize California and New Mexico.
• (Achieved by John C. Fremont in California and
  Stephen Kearny in New Mexico)
• Capture the Mexican capital at Mexico City.
• (Achieved by General Winfield Scott)

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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

• Gave the U.S. 500,000 square miles of territory
  in modern day CA, NV, UT, AZ, NM, CO, WY.
• Mexico accepted the Rio Grande as its border with
  Texas.
• U.S. paid Mexico 15 million and assumed 3.25
  million in debts Mexico owed American citizens.

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California

• California controlled by Mexico before
  Mexican-American War.
• Mexican officials gave Swiss immigrant John
  Sutter permission to found a colony there in
  1839.
• Became a popular rest stop for immigrants.

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California Gold Rush

• Gold was discovered at Sutters Mill in January
  1848.
• About 80,000 gold-seekers came to California in
  1849 they were called forty-niners.
• They would prospect, or search for gold, along
  banks of streams or in surface mines.
• California produced 60 million in gold in 1853.

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Miners

• Miners came from many cultures and backgrounds.
• Most were young, unmarried men in search of
  adventure.
• 80 were Americans the rest came from around the
  world.
• Only 5 percent of gold-rush immigrants were women
  or children.
• Women generally made good money by cooking meals,
  washing clothes, and operating boardinghouses.
• Miners paid high prices for basic necessities
  because the huge amount of gold in circulation
  caused severe inflation in California.

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Westward Migration

• Causes
• Americans believe in idea of manifest destiny
• United States acquires vast new lands in West
• Pathfinders open trails to new territories
• Gold is discovered in California

• Effects
• Native Americans are forced off lands
• Americans travel west to settle new areas
• United States stretches to Pacific
• California experiences population boom

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California

• Population explosion quickly made California
  eligible for statehood.
• Became 31st state in 1850.
• Many immigrants from around the world came to
  California from 1849-1853, 24,000 Chinese men
  came to the U.S.

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Assignment

• Chapter 13 Review
• Pg. 370, 1-2, 4
• Pg. 371, 1-10