Industrial Manufacture

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Industrial Manufacture
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INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION There are 3 main type of
industrial production, One Off, Batch and Mass
Production. Depending upon the type of product
been produced will depend upon which type of
production is most relevant, and cost effective.
It is usually based on the overall output.
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INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION One Off Production This
is when one specialist product is made, usually
by a skilled craftsman. An example would be a one
off piece of jewellery. The cost of production is
very expensive.
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INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION Batch Production This
method of production is slightly cheaper then one
off production and could be used to produce a
batch of 1000. Normal machines are set up to do
one job, which is done 1000 times, another task
is then done 1000 times until all of the parts
are complete.
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INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION Mass Production This
type of manufacture is also called continuous
manufacture, and used on products where there is
no forseeable number of products required. An
example could be drinks cans, which will be
required over a long time. Very specialist
machine are required, therefore the set up costs
are very expensive, but are split out over a long
time. Some products are often considerably
changed to fit this method of production.
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PROTOTYPING Prototyping is very important as it
helps to model the product, before manufacturing
and the high costs come into place. This comes in
many forms, early prototyping starts with simple
card models, possibly progressing onto rapid
prototyping. Rapid prototyping is when a
computer model (CAD) is used to manufacture a
model. Although this wont work, it helps to show
how different things will interact with the
product. One example is stereo lithography, when
layers of plastic are put of top of each other to
create a full model. This method of modelling
is used a lot of DYSON in developing this
products are it means they can interact
with people and other parts easily. This
method is very slow and expensive,
and difficult to make changes, therefore
usually only used on final designs.
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INJECTION MOULDING - Plastics Injection Moulding
This is when plastic granules are heated up,
and once soft are forced under pressure into a
mould. When the mould is full, it is allowed to
cool, shrink and go solid, making it easier to
split the mould and for the mould to be taken
off. The cost in this production is in making the
mould, which is one very large expenditure.
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EXTRUSTION Plastic Metal Extrusion This is
a continuous process of manufacture, where
granules of plastic are heated to a semi-molten
state, and forced through a die or mould, which
determines the shape of the material. Only
produces a shape which has a continuous cross
section, such as drain pipes and window frames.
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BLOW MOULDING - Plastics Blow Moulding Blow
moulding is used to make products such as drinks
bottles. A tube of plastic is placed inside a
split mould which is then clamped shut, sealing
one end of the tube. Air is then blown into the
tube, to expand to the shape of the mould.
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USEFUL TERMINOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
BATCH PRODUCTION MASS PRODUCTION ONE OFF
PRODUCTION MOULD an empty space where material
is poured, blown or shaped to fit the shape of
the mould. SHRINK plastic will reduce in size
when it cools CAD CAM This is the use of
computers to design and manufacture products.
This is also sometimes used for modelling in the
form of rapid prototyping. Used a lot in modern
manufacturing. Other useful terminology sheets
are available on the school website. These
things may come up on an exam paper, in the form
of short answer responses, an easy way to pick up
marks