Volcanoes are Hot Stuff!

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Volcanoes are Hot Stuff!

• Created Adapted by Dawn Easley

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VOLCANOES

• EQ What are the types of
• volcanoes and how are they
• formed?

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So, What Is a Volcano?

• A volcano is a weak spot in the crust where
  molten material, or magma, comes to the surface.

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Where are the Volcanoes?
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The Ring of Fire

• Subduction zones

The Ring of Fire is a volcano belt formed by many
volcanoes that border the Pacific Ocean.
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The Ring of FireClick on picture for video.
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How are volcanoes formed?
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• Deep in the earth it is very hot and rocks melt.
  The melted rock is called magma and is lighter
  than the rocks around it so it rises. Sometimes
  it finds a crack or hole in the earths crust and
  bursts through it (vent). This is how a volcano
  begins.

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Why do volcanoes erupt?
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Pressure builds deep in the earth where
the magma is. Suddenly the gases escape and
violently explode.
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Its a Volcano!

• Look up, theres a fire burning!
• Way up, in a mountain high.
• Look up, when theres steam,
• smoke, or ashes.
• When the crater starts to blow.
• And the lava starts to flow.
• Then you will surely know.
• Its a volcano! Its a volcano!
• Look down, in the earths deep zone
• Way down, under the soil rock.
• Youll find that theres magma burning.
• Pushing up through the plates
• in the rock crust.
• Trying to start a fireworks show.
• And when the lava starts to flow.
• Its a volcano! Its a volcano!

• Natures always changing
• everything we see.
• Always rearranging under the
• land and in the sea.
• Its a volcano! Its a volcano!
• Three kinds of volcanoes can happen
• Composite, Shield, or Cinder Cone.
• But when the earth starts shaking
• And the lava starts to flow.
• It doesnt matter which one blows.
• For then you will surely know.
• Its a volcano! Its a volcano!

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What are the different kinds of volcanoes?
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Classifying Volcanoes

• Composite or Strato

• Cinder Cone

• Shield

• Active

• Intermittent

• Dormant

• Extinct

Regular
Constant
Sleeping
Never
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VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
ACTIVE - A volcano that has erupted in the recent
past and is expected to erupt again. INTERMITTENT
A volcano that erupts in fairly regular time
periods. DORMANT - A sleeping volcano. A
volcano that has not erupted in the recent past,
but could erupt again. EXTINCT - A volcano that
is not expected to erupt again.
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ShieldVolcanoes
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Volcanoes that build up from many slow, steady,
flows of hot lava are called shield volcanoes.
This kind of volcano is low and broad with gently
sloping sides. They look like a warriors
shield.
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Shield Volcanoes

• A shield volcano is a large, gently sloped
  volcano made up from many slow, steady flows of
  hot lava. Low and broad like a warriors
  shield.
• Materials Erupted mainly liquid lava, so the
  volcano is made of layers of hardened lava.
• Non-explosive eruptions
• Example the volcanoes of Hawaii

Click picture for video.
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(No Transcript)
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Cinder Cone Volcanoes
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Cinder cone volcanoes form when solid rock and
ash shoot up into the air and fall back around
the volcano opening. The cinder cone volcano
has steeply sloped sides.
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Cinder Cone Volcanoes

• A cinder cone volcano is a relatively small,
  volcano with steep sides. It is where rock and
  ash shoot up into the air and fall back around
  the opening.
• Materials Erupted small pieces of hardened lava
  (rock fragments) - called cinders
• Moderately explosive
• Example Paricutin (Mexico)

Click picture for video.
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Composite or Stratovolcanoes
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Stratovolcanoes, also called composite volcanoes,
erupt with molten lava, solid rock, and ash.
The layers pile up much like layers of cake and
frosting. The layers form into symmetrical
cones, and the slopes are steep.
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Composite Volcanoes

• A composite volcano is a huge mountain-like
  volcano. Layers build up like frosting on a cake
  forming a cone with steep sides.
• Materials Erupted sometimes lava, sometimes rock
  fragments.
• May have very explosive eruptions
• Example Mount St. Helens

Click picture for video.
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(No Transcript)
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Volcano Research
You will be assigned a volcano to research. Each
volcano has something interesting and unique
about it - find out what it is! For each volcano
you will be researching Where is the volcano
located ? When did the famous eruption
occurred? What type of volcano it is? What is
unique or interesting about the volcano? Is the
volcano active, dormant or extinct? Some
helpful websites are listed on the next slide . .
.
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Try these sites to get your research started
Hawaii Volcanoes
Volcano World
Smithsonian Volcano Page
Volcanoes Live
Encyclopedia.com (type in volcano name)
Info. on Mount St. Helens
Info. on Mount Rainier
Encarta (type in volcano name)
Volcanoes Listed by Name
U.S. Geological Survey - volcano page
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• Pictures, Images, and information
  From
• Soames Summerhays/Photo Researchers, Inc.
• Kraft-Explorer/Photo Researchers Inc.
• Masao Hayashi-Dung/Photo Researchers Inc.
• Why Do Volcanoes Blow Their Tops? By Melvin and
  Gilda Berger
• www.usgs.gov/education/learnweb/volcano/index.html