Chapter 7 Preventing Losses from Accidents and Emergencies

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Chapter 7Preventing Losses from Accidents and
Emergencies
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Accident Responsibility

• Security managers are often responsible for
  accident prevention programs as one means to
  prevent losses and protect assets.

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OSHA

• Since the passage of OSHA, the security function
  has gradually expanded to include specific safety
  responsibilities.
• OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration, was established to administer the
  Occupational Safety and Health Act.
• The Act seeks to ensure safe and healthful
  working conditions for every employee in the
  nation.

4
OSHA Record Requirements

• Employers covered by the Acts are required to
• (1) keep a log of all occupational injuries,
  accidents and illnesses.
• (2) compile an annual summary of the logs
  information.

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Accident Causes and Preventions

• 95 of all accidents (on or off the job) are
  caused by human error, especially lack of safety
  consciousness.
• Accidents can be prevented by
• (1) removing hazards.
• (2) using protective equipment.
• (3) making employees aware of hazards that cannot
  be removed.
• (4) following good housekeeping practices.

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Civil Disturbances, Riots and Strikes

• In the event of civil disturbances, riots or
  strikes, the security manager is responsible for
  maintaining order and protecting lives and assets.

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Bomb Defense

• Access control.
• Orderliness.
• Regular inspections.

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Bomb Threats

• To be prepared for a bomb threat
• (1) teach personnel how to talk to person making
  threat and whom to notify.
• (2) determine who makes decision on whether to
  evacuate and, if evacuation is necessary, how
  personnel are to be informed and what they are to
  do.
• (3) have a plan that specifies how to search for
  bomb and what to do if one is found.

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Bomb Threats

• The receiver of a bomb threat should
• Keep the caller talking as long as possible.
• Try to learn as much as possible about bomb,
  especially when it will go off and where it is
  located.
• Try to determine callers sex, age, accent and
  speech pattern, and whether the person is drugged
  or drunk.
• Listen for background noises.
• Immediately notify appropriate person(s) of call.

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Fire Elements

• The fire triangle consists of 3 elements
  necessary for burning
• (1) heat.
• (2) fuel.
• (3) oxygen.

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Fire Classification

• The National Fire Protection Association has
  established 4 classifications of fires
• Class A--ordinary combustible materials such as
  paper, packing boxes, wood and cloth.
• Class B--flammable liquids such as gasoline or
  oil.
• Class C--energized electrical installations,
  appliances and wiring.
• Class D--combustible materials such as magnesium,
  sodium and potassium (exotic metal fires).

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Fire Prevention

• Fires can be prevented by
• (1) reducing fire-loading.
• (2) properly storing and handling flammable
  materials.
• (3) enforcing no-smoking regulations.
• (4) using proper wiring.
• (5) following good housekeeping practices.
• Access controls can lesson the chance of arson.

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Fire Equipment

• Protection from fires is provided by
• (1) detectors and alarms.
• (2) properly marked and sufficient exits, fire
  doors and fire escapes.
• (3) fire-resistive safes and vaults.
• (4) fire extinguishers, sprinkler systems and an
  adequate, accessible water supply.

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Fire Detectors

• Ionization detectors respond to invisible
  particles of combustion.
• Photoelectric detectors respond to smoke.
• Infrared detectors respond to flame.
• Thermal detectors respond to heat, usually
  temperatures in excess of 125 degrees F.

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Water and Class A Fire Extinguishers

• These should never be used
• (1) on energized electric equipment (Class C
  fires), because the electric charge can follow
  the water stream to the holder, causing instant
  electrocution.
• (2) on a Class B fire, because it can splatter
  the burning oil or gasoline, spreading the fire
  to a larger area instead of extinguishing it.

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Fire Loss Protections

• Always call for help before attempting to
  extinguish a fire.
• Teach employees what to do in case of a fire.
• Have and practice a plan for evacuation, shutting
  doors and windows and using stairs rather than
  elevators.

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Responsibilities with a Fire

• Security manager responsibilities with a fire
• Have a plan, take charge and stay calm.
• Take immediate action to protect lives first,
  assets second.
• Sound the alarm alert fire department.
• Attempt to control blaze if not out of hand.
• Turn central air and machinery off, leave lights
  on.

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More Fire Responsibilities

• Close all doors and elevators.
• Ground all elevators.
• Provide traffic control.
• Direct fire fighters to location of fire.
• Time permitting, remove highly combustible stock
  and valuables.
• Cover expensive merchandise or equipment, such as
  computers, with a tarp to prevent water damage.
• Move company cars and other vehicles away.
• Administer first aid.

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Natural Disaster Plans

• Papis 4-step approach
• (1) Risk assessment.
• (2) Prioritize risks.
• (3) Prepare for various scenarios.
• (4) Prepare a recovery plan.
• Natural disasters necessitating a contingency
  plan might include floods, tornadoes, hurricanes
  and/or earthquakes.

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Summary Questions

• Why is accident prevention a security
  responsibility?
• What is OSHA and how does it relate to private
  security? What record does OSHA require?
• What causes the vast majority of accidents? How
  can they be prevented or reduced?

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Summary Questions

• What is securitys role during civil
  disturbances, riots and strikes?
• What are the primary defenses against bombs?
• How can a bomb threat be prepared for? Received?
  Acted on?
• What 3 elements are required for a fire to occur?

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Summary Questions

• How are fires classified?
• How can fires be prevented?
• What equipment can help protect lives and assets
  from fire?
• What types of fire detectors are available?
• When should water and a Class A fire extinguisher
  not be used?
• What procedures help protect against loss by
  fire?
• What are the security managers responsibilities
  in the event of a fire?
• What natural disaster plans should be formulated?