???

1
Passive voice

• ??????? ????? ??????????
• ??? ????1
• ?. ????????

2
Passive voice ?????????? to be III ?????
???????
3

• ????? - ??? ????? ???????, ??????? ??????????,
  ???????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????????
  ??? ???????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????. ???
  ??? ???? ??????? ????, ? ?????????? ????? ???????
  ??? ?????? the Active Voice (??????????????
  ?????) ? the Passive Voice (????????????? ?????).
  
• ????????????? ????? ?????????????, ?????
  ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????????,
  ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????
  ?????????, ??? ???????????. ????????????? ?????
  ?????????? ? ??????? ??????? to be ?
  ??????????????? ??????? ? III ????? ??????? (
  ????????? II ).

4
PASSIVE VOICE

  Indefinite Continuous Perfect
Present am is           V3 are am is          being  V3 are have (has) been V3
Past was              V3 were was           being   V3 were had been V3
Future shall            be V3 will   shall          have been V3 will
Future-in-the-Past should be V3   should          have been V3 would
5
?????????????? ?????

• ?????????? ????? ???????? (???????)
  ???????????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????
  ??????????, ???????? When was the work done?
  Has the work been done?

6
????????????? ?????

• ?????????? ? ??????? ????????? not, ???????
  ???????? ????? ??????? ???????????????? ???????,
  ???????? The work was not done last week. The
  work will not done tomorrow

7
??????? ?????????????? ????? ?? ?????????????
???????

• Active Voice Tom delivers the mail. ???
  ?????????? ?????. Tom delivered the mail. ???
  ????????? ?????. Tom will deliver the mail. ???
  ???????? ?????

8

• Passive Voice The mail is delivered by Tom.
  ????? ???????????? ?????. The mail was delivered
  by Tom. ????? ???????????? ?????. The mail will
  be delivered by Tom. ????? ????? ????????????
  ?????.

9
The house is built. ?) ??? ????????. ?) ???
????????. ?) ??? ??????. ?????????

• ? ????????????? ?????? ????? ???????????? ??
  ??????? ???? ?) ??????? ?????????????
  ?????????? ?) ???????? ?? -?? ?)
  ?????????????-?????? ????????.

10

• ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????
  ???????? ? ????????? ? ????????????? ??????.
  ???????? ???????????????? ?? ???? ????????
• hear of - ??????? ?laugh at - ???????? ???look
  after - ????????????? ?? (???-????)look at -
  ???????? ??rely on - ?????????? ??send for -
  ???????? ??speak of (about) - ???????? ?pay
  attention to - ???????? ???????? ??take care of
  - ?????????? ?

11
????????

• The book is much spoken about. ?? ???? ?????
  ????? ???????.He can't be relied on. ?? ????
  ?????? ??????????.

12

• ? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????
  ???????
• to listen to - ??????? ???-????, ????-????to
  look for - ?????? ???-????to provide for -
  ?????????? ????-????, ???-????to explain to -
  ????????? ????-????

13
????????

• He was listened to with great attention. ???
  ??????? ? ??????? ?????????

14
??????????

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