Multilevel governance

1
Multilevel governance community development
The district approach in the Netherlands

• Els Tieman
• Head of the department for district approach
• Multilevel conference
• 2 December 2010

2
Overview presentation

• Headlines of the district approach
• Roles of various parties in the district approach
• Forms of collaboration between different
  governmentlevels
• Case Tennet, Maastricht

3
Headlines district approach

• Urgency
• 40 districts are in the danger zone
• Growing divide
• Gap between these and other areas is widening
• Average income is 25 lower
• Accumulation of problems, general policy fails
• GoalsO Indicators on average level work,
  education, safety
• O Dissemination of the knowledge and results
• Method
• Partnership between municipalities and central
  government
• Integrated approach with a large number of
  players
• Shared responsibility
• Approach is centered around the residents of the
  40 districts
• Geographically focused

4
Major parties involved

• Central Government 
• Municipalities
• Housing corporations
• Residents of the 40 communities

5
Roles of the different government levels

• National Government
• Roles of program management for the communities
• Inspiring the local level
• Boosting the process
• Creating preconditions for a successful local
  program
• Supporting municipalities
• Dissolving limitations within and between
  different government levels
• Mediator between local parties
• 7 Experiments
• Community of practice with local project manager
• Outcome and output monitor

6
Role mayor stakeholders

• Municipalities (18)
• Together with corporations primarily responsible
  for coordination and implementation of the
  program for the selected districts
• Empowerment of residents
• Housing corporations (70)
• Important financial partner
• Together with municipality primarily responsible
  for coordination and implementation of the
  program for the selected districts

7
Residents

• Involvement partly in control and response
• Have a budget for initiatives (95 million euro's
  in 2008-2011)

8
Other parties involved

• All stakeholders at local and regional levels who
  collaborate in implementing the district
  approach police, healthcare, schools, social
  workers, small and medium size enterprises,
  employment office, large corporations, etc.
• Knowledge centers(government funded), organizing
  conferences and workshops on the local level
• A national alliance that already includes more
  than 60 public institutions and organizations all
  working in the effort to improve the districts
• A group of scientists analyses the approach and
  advise the national goverment

9
Formal multilevel-governance (1)

• Formal instruments
• Charters Agreements on joint efforts between 18
  municipalities and central government (12-16
  ministers)
• Community action plans Agreement between
  municipality, residents, housing corporations and
  other local stakeholders
• Aedes Agreement (financial agreement between
  national government and housing corporations on
  financing communities program by housing
  corporations) (2.5 billion for 10 years)
• Accountability municipalities justify
  performance and progress in the city council,
  National government justifies the progress in the
  40 districts in the National parliament

10
Formal multilevel-governance (2)

• Horizontal Monitoring within national
  government
• Regular meeting between the General Director of
  the ministries involved
• Linking Pins
• Consultations between directors and managers of
  different ministries
• Monitoring by the municipality
• Vertical Monitoring
• Regular meeting between Minister, aldermen and
  directors of housing corporations
• Visits of Minister to the districts
• Account managers

11
Fluid Multilevel-governance

• This includes problems in a district that
  transcends district/municipality level, taking a
  different level of government or a commercial
  company.
• National and local level are jointly committed
• Role National government involved outsider and
  mediator

12
Case Fluid multilevel-governance Tennet (1)

• Problem district of Maastricht Nord East
• National government and municipality made an
  agreement in charter National government will
  seek finance for constructing a high voltage
  power line and a railway tunnel
• Purpose Strengthen the link between 2 small
  neighborhoods by gathering all facilities
  (school, sport facilities, shops etc) in a new
  area

13
Case Fluid multilevel-governance Tennet (2)

• Financial support is needed from a multitude of
  parties
• Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
• Municipality of Maastricht
• Province of Limburg
• Housing corporation
• Tennet (Transmission System Operator and
  administrator of the national high-voltage grid )
  
• All parties agreed to finance, except for Tennet
• Reason a different agreement between the
  Ministry of Economic Affairs and the former
  Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the
  environment

14
Case Fluid multilevel-governance Tennet (3)

• National role
• Mediator between Ministry of Economic Affairs,
  State Institute of Public Health and environment
  and Tennet
• Bottlenecks
• Convincing every party involved
• To come to one point of view within the national
  government, with all its different interests
• Length negotiation process one year already

15
Conclusions on multilevel-governance

• Long term involvement
• Successful approach
• Based on shared responsibility and mutual
  dependency
• Shared goal and an integrated approach with a
  multitude of stakeholders
• Dissemination method and knowledge
• Results on
• Decrease unemployment, early school leavers,
  pollution and small destruction
• Residents have more trust in future
• Questions?