Bridging the gap - post tsunami transitional shelter

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Graham Saunders Catholic Relief Services
BRIDGING THE GAP POST-TSUNAMI TRANSITIONAL
SETTLEMENT
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Post-tsunami transitional settlement

• Review of transitional settlement response in
  Indonesia, Sri Lanka India
• Identifying trends and issues

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Context Indonesia

• gt500,000 people displaced
• Extensive damage to coastal strip 2-3km inland
• gt95 of buildings destroyed in affected areas
• Limited road access to many areas
• Conflict area, restricted access by Government
  military
• Very limited non-governmental settlement activity
  pre-tsunami

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Context Sri Lanka

• gt500,000 people displaced
• Extensive damage to coastal strip 500m inland
• gt90 of buildings destroyed in affected areas
• Road access to most areas
• Conflict area with LTTE Government most affected
• Progress on common response but problematic
• Significant non-governmental settlement activity
  pre-tsunami in conflict areas

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Context India

• gt150,000 people displaced
• Irregular damage to coastal strip 100-300m
  inland
• Range of damage buildings in affected areas
• Road access to all areas
• Government declined external assistance
• Policies by State Governments
• Extensive non-governmental sector

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Transitional settlement Indonesia

• Large scale displacement
• Government strategy - TLCs
• Emergency shelter close to original sites
• Restricted zone
• Reluctant access given to NGOs
• Support for semi-permanent
• Dilemma of interim shelter
• Government Masterplan zoning guidelines

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Transitional settlement Sri Lanka

• Decentralised Government no immediate strategy
• Emergency shelter response
• NGO-led strategy development, adopted by
  Government
• Transitional shelter progress to date Govt
  LTTE areas
• Land zoning dilemma
• Mixed quality of the response
• Governmental structures
• TAFREN progress to permanent

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Transitional settlement India

• State Governments mobilised response
• Rapid move to transitional
• Standardised community shelters
• Support for alternative solutions e.g. renting
• Creative transitional shelters
• Close State oversight of actors
• Zoning issues being progressed
• Rapid progress to permanent separate State
  strategies

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Transitional settlement - trends issues

• Strategy development
• Understanding of transitional
• Individual versus collective
• Land zoning
• Site planning
• Environmental impact
• Materials
• Agency competencies
• Governmental capacities

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Graham Saunders Catholic Relief Services
BRIDGING THE GAP POST-TSUNAMI TRANSITIONAL
SETTLEMENT