To%20Kill%20a%20Mockingbird

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To Kill a Mockingbird

• By Harper Lee

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Goals for Lesson

• We will learn about the following aspects of the
  novel To Kill a Mockingbird
• Author
• Contextual Setting
• Novels Theme

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9th Grade Alabama Course of Study Objectives

• Compare the use of language and literary elements
  and devices, including rhythm, rhyme scheme,
  tone, and plot, in various selections, cultures,
  and genres.
• Identify literary components that contribute to
  authors style.
• Determine word meaning in world literature
  selections using word analysis and context clues.
• Write in narrative, expository, and persuasive
  modes using figurative language and imagery,
  including simile and metaphor, when effective and
  appropriate.

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AHSGE Reading Objectives

• Identify supporting details
• Determine sequence of events
• Follow directions
• Identify main ideas
• Draw conclusions
• Determine cause and effect

• Recognize summary statements
• Analyze literary elements
• Understand figurative language
• Determine meaning of words
• Preview and predict

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Harper Lee
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Harper Lee

• Nellie Harper Lee
• Born April 28, 1926
• Monroeville, Alabama
• Childhood Friend of Truman Capote
• Studied Law

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Harper Lee

• Worked with Capote in Holcomb, Kansas, to
  research In Cold Blood
• Pulitzer Prize in 1961 for To Kill a
  Mockingbird
• Lives in New York
• Very Reclusive

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SETTING OF THE NOVEL

• Maycomb, Alabama
• Southern United States
• 1930s
• Great Depression
• Prejudice and Legal Segregation
• Ignorance

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Harper Lee vs. ScoutThe novel is not
autobiographical, but

• Harper Lee
• She grew up in 1930s in rural Alabama town
• Father was an attorney, who served in the state
  legislature.
• Older brother and young neighbor (Truman Capote)
  were playmates.
• She was an avid reader as a child.
• She was six years old when the Scottsboro trials
  were widely covered in the newspapers.

• Scout Finch
• She is growing up in 1930s in rural Alabama town
• Father is an attorney, who serves in the state
  legislature.
• Older brother (Jem) and young neighbor (Dill) are
  playmates.
• She is an avid reader as a child.
• She is six years old when the trial of Tom
  Robinson takes place.

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• 1930s
• The Great Depression
• The Dust Bowl

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1930s - Great Depression began when the stock
market crashed in October, 1929

• Businesses failed, factories closed.
• People were out of work.
• Even people with money suffered because nothing
  was being produced for sale.

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Causes

• Farm Depression of the 1920s
• Prices of farm products fell about 40 in
  1920-1921, and they remained low through the
  1920s.
• As a result some farmers lost so much money they
  couldnt pay the mortgage on their farms.
• They either had to rent the land or move.

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Causes

• Uneven Distribution of Income
• Industrial productions increased about 50, but
  the wages of the industrial workers rose far more
  slowly.
• As a result these workers couldnt buy goods as
  fast as industry produced them.

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Causes

• The Stock Market Crash
• Stock values dropped rapidly on October 24, 1929,
  now known as Black Thursday.
• The next Monday stock prices fell again.
• On Tuesday stock holders panicked and sold a
  record 16,410,030 shares of stocks.
• Thousands of people lost huge sums of money as
  stock values fell far below the prices paid for
  them.

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Poor people lost their homes, were forced to
live off the land.
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Unemployment rose to 30
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HoovervillesSeattle, Washington
Pres. Herbert Hoover 1929-1933
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Migrant Farming Camps
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The Dust Bowl
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Dodge City, Kansas
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Garden City, KS
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Garden City, KS, 15 Minutes Later
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Prejudices in the Novel

• Race
• Gender
• Handicaps
• Rich/Poor
• Age
• Religion

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Racial prejudice was alive well. Although
slavery had ended in 1864, old ideas were slow to
change.

• The Supreme Court ruled that separate but equal
  was legal. These laws became known as Jim Crow
  Laws.

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Racial Separation (Segregation)
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Gender Bias (Prejudice)

• Women were considered weak
• Women were generally not educated for
  occupations outside the home
• In wealthy families, women were expected to
  oversee the servants and entertain guests
• Men not considered capable of nurturing children

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Legal Issues of the 1930s

• Women given the vote in 1920
• Juries were MALE and WHITE
• Fair trial did not include acceptance of a
  black mans word against a white mans

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Point of View

• First Person Narrative
• Story is told by Scout, a 10-year-old girl.
• Harper Lee is actually a woman Scout represents
  the author as a little girl although the story is
  not strictly autobiographical.

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Characters

• Atticus Finch - an attorney whose wife has
  died, leaving him to raise their two children
• -Jem 10-year-old boy
• -Scout (Jean Louise),
  6-year-old girl

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• Tom Robinson a black man accused of raping
  white girl he is defended at trial by Atticus.
• Calpurnia older black woman who is like a
  mother to the children.
• Boo a recluse, whom the children love to taunt.

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Reading the Novel

• Setting is all important.
• Point of View the novel is shaped by the voice
  of a young girl who sees the story from a
  position of naïve acceptance.
• Goodness vs. Ignorance (Evil) is an important
  theme.