A2 DT4 Notes

1
A2 DT4 Notes

• Human Responsibility

2
Human Responsibility - Laws
11
3
Human Responsibility

• Who is responsible for a product, its design,
  manufacture sale and disposal?
• Is it the
• Designer
• Manufacturer
• Retailer
• User
• Client

4
Designers legal responsibilities

• A designer needs to comply with certain
  legalalities what are they?
• BSI and ISO, Patent Customer support,
  Legislation, Consumer opinion in a competitive
  market, consumers rights

5
Consumers Rights

• ECC-NET
• To assist EU citizens in matters related to
  cross-border shopping,
• In 2005 the EU launched the European Consumers
  Network (ECC-NET). The network already consists
  of 29 European Consumer Centres (in all 27 Member
  States, Iceland and Norway), which work together
  to keep consumers informed and assist in the
  resolution of cross-border complaints and
  disputes.

6
Examples of ECC-NET purpose

• A consumer from the Czech Republic purchased a
  satellite receiver via internet from a German
  trader. Since it proved not to be fully
  functional, he sent it back to the retailer to
  have it repaired. After a month, the consumer
  contacted the trader - but in vain. He then
  approached the Czech ECC, which cooperated with
  ECC Germany and eventually the consumer received
  his repaired satellite receiver.

7
Legislation

• There is a plethora of recent and future
  legislation to encourage sustainable design and
  we can help you with details that effect your
  organisations.
• The two important directives that will effect
  many producers are
• EuP Directive 2005/32/ECEco design is defined
  as Integration of environmental aspects into
  product design with the aim of improving the
  environmental performance of the product
  throughout its whole lifecycle.
• EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive
  (94/62/EC) Eliminate any toxic or hazardous
  substances according to packaging or other
  directives, e.g. cadmium, hexavalent chromium,
  lead and mercury or substances that hinder
  recycling, composting, energy recovery (coating,
  ink, glue)

8
Legislation

• Toy Safety Quick Facts
• Relevant or Related Legislation
• The Toys (Safety) Regulations 1995 (SI 1995 No
  204) which implement the
• European Directive (88/378/EEC) on the safety of
  toys.
• http//www.berr.gov.uk/consumers/fact-sheets/page3
  8560.html

9
The law

• Legislation relating to products must be adhered
  to for a product to be sold in a country.
• Standards are not law.
• But some are included in legislation that make
  them law.
• Directives issued by the EU are to be complied
  with.

10
European ecodesign rules and related legislation

• The entire industry must face and embrace
  initiatives such as the European Ecodesign of
  Energy Using Products (EuP) standard
• Of all the recently adopted European Union
  legislation, the Ecodesign of Energy Using
  Products (EuP) Directive (2005/32/EC) is likely
  to have the most significant impact on design
  engineers, as well as the entire electronics
  industry. Unlike the RoHS and WEEE directives,
  which focus on certain categories of electronic
  and electrical equipment, EuP is deliberately
  broad in scope and, other than transport, applies
  to virtually any product that consumes, generates
  or controls energy. EuP covers finished products
  as well as components and subassemblies.

11
European ecodesign rules and related legislation

• While EuP aims to bring about improvements in
  energy efficiency throughout a products entire
  lifecycle, its main concentration is on the
  design phase. The European Commission (EC) has
  estimated that more than 80 of all
  product-related environmental impacts are made
  during this phase.
• Implementing measures
• EuP is a framework directive. This means that it
  does not directly impose requirements on
  manufacturers, but sets up a mechanism for
  introducing implementing measures that will
  impose specified design requirements. Like RoHS,
  whatever measures are introduced will be required
  to be met in all EU member states.

12
European ecodesign rules and related legislation

• It is not the intention of the EC to produce a
  large number of implementing measures. They will
  come about only if voluntary ecodesign
  improvements are not already in place, or are
  deemed ineffective. The directive sets a list of
  criteria that need to be met if an implementing
  measure is to be permitted
• At least 200,000 units of a given product have to
  be sold per year (although the EC has still to
  specify whether this is of an individual product
  type or broad category).
• There must be significant potential for
  environmental improvement.

13
European ecodesign rules and related legislation

• It should not entail serious cost to industry or
  consumers.
• An example of an implementing measure could be a
  restriction in the amount of energy a product
  consumes during its working life.
• It is the responsibility of the EC to carry out
  studies to determine if implementing measures are
  required and to recommend targets, such as energy
  consumption reductions, for industry to reach. So
  far there have been over 20 studies into
  different product types and many more will be
  carried out in the future. Implementation
  measures will enter into force during 2008/2009.

http//www2.electronicproducts.com
14
Manufacturers legal responsibilities

• Legislation
• BSI and ISO
• Availability of resources
• Emissions
• Energy Consumption

15
Manufacturing responsibilities

• Producer Responsibility Legislation and its
  impact on Product Development
• Ensuring RoHS Compliance and current exemptions
  learn where there may be hidden problems and how
  to show that you have exercised due diligence
  with your suppliers.
• The WEEE Directive and obligations, UK and
  European status how the system is working,
  possible changes and differences across Europe
  member states.
• The Energy using Products Directive how this
  new legislation is developing, what products it
  will impact and what you should be doing now.
• REACH what this complex legislation will mean
  for downstream users of chemicals, timescales and
  actions. How it could impact your products.

16
Manufacturing responsibilities

• Batteries and Accumulators Directive what this
  will mean for producers and their products, when
  it will happen and what will be the requirements.
  
• Other producer responsibility requirements e.g.
  Packaging regs., IPP etc, - how producer
  responsibility can influence your product design
  and packaging and examples of how to reduce
  costs. Green Design principles and
  implementation.
• Non-European Legislation HARL, California RoHS,
  China RoHS etc. The legislation is not just
  European.
• Opportunities from Producer Responsibility
  legislative compliance may seem like an expensive
  obligation but learn how to create benefits from
  your products and the way you operate your
  business.

17
How do you find

• information on the regulatory and legislative
  frameworks related to product design
• Trading Standards
• European Directives
• BERR
• Consumer Rights
• Office of Public Sector Information

18
Risk Assessment Procedures

• How to assess risks
• Identify the hazards
• Decide who might be harmed and how
• Evaluate the risks and decide on precaution
• Record your findings and implement them
• Review your assessment and update if necessary
• http//www.hse.gov.uk/risk/