Pervasive Developmental Disorders

1
Pervasive Developmental Disorders

• Chapter 3

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Pervasive Developmental Disorder

• Includes
• ________ Disorder
• ________ Disorder
• ________ Disorder
• ____________________ Disorder
• ____________________ Disorder- Not Otherwise
  Specified (PDD-NOS)

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PROPOSED REVISION FOR DSM - V

• ____ disorder removed from autism category
• All pervasive developmental disorders will be
  called _________________
• Minor changes to criteria

4
Definition of Autism

• a _______________ that appears by age _____ and
  that is variable in expression but is recognized
  and diagnosed by impairment of the ability to
  form normal ___________, by impairment of the
  ability to _________ with others, and by
  _________ behavior patterns especially as
  exhibited by a preoccupation with ________
  activities of _________ focus rather than with
  flexible and imaginative ones

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DEFINITION - Educational

• A ____ development disorder characterized by
  impairments in ________________, ___________, and
  restricted and repetitive behavior, typically
  appearing during the ____ _______________.

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Etiology of Autism

• ___________
• Some Speculate
• _____________
• _____________
• _______
• ______________
• ________

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CAUSES OF AUTISM

• No one knows __________, but the _____ develops
  differently in people with _____.
• It is now widely accepted by scientists that a
  predisposition to autism is _________.
• It is likely that both _______ and ____________
  play a role.

8
GENETICS

• Researchers have identified a number of ____
  associated with ASD.
• Identical twin studies show that when one twin
  is affected there is up to ___ chance the other
  twin will be affected.
• In families with one child with ASD, the risk of
  having a second child with the disorder is
  approximately ___.

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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

• A number of pre or post-natal environmental
  factors have been claimed to contribute to ASD or
  exacerbate its symptoms with little evidence to
  support these claims
• Certain ______ (Glutton free diets)
• _____________
• ____________ (Detox methods)
• ___________
• ___________

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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS (cont)

• PCBs
• Phthalates phenols used in plastic products
• Pesticides
• Alcohol
• Smoking
• Illicit drugs
• Vitamin deficiencies (Supplements)
• Vaccines

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Defining Characteristics

• Qualitative impairment of _____________
• Qualitative Impairment of __________
• _______, ________ and ______ Repertoire of
  Behavior, Activities and Interests

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Warning Signs for parents page 115
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EARLY WARNING SIGNS

• No big smiles or other warm, joyful expressions
  by ___months of age or after
• No back and forth sharing of sounds, smiles, or
  other facial expressions by __ months of age
• No babbling by __ months of age
• No back and forth gestures such as pointing,
  showing, reaching, or waving by ___ months of age

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WARNING SIGNS (cont)

• Lack of _______ and __________
• No words by __ months of age
• No meaningful two word phrases (not including
  imitating or repeating) by __years of age
• Any loss of speech, babbling, or social skills at
  ______

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SOCIAL RECIPROCITY

• Definition ______________________
  _____________________

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Social Aspects of Communication

• Lack of _______
• Lack of complex ______ communication (use contact
  gestures instead)
• Lack of _______________
• Poor ____ of communication
• Lack of _________ in communication
• Absence of ___________
• Poor language __________
• Deficits in ___________

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Early Indicators of Autism - 116
Development of Speech

• Language ____are present
• ________

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LITERACY SKILLS

• Difficulty observing or imitating _______ use of
  books
• Limited understanding or use of _____
  _________
• Poor reading _________
• ________ often know letters at a young age and
  can be taught to read in spite of their language
  difficulties

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Proposed Theories to Explain Reading Difficulties
(Lanter Watson 2008)

• ____________ difficulties interfere with text
  comprehension
• Weak central ______ interferes with their ability
  to make ________ and derive meaning from text
• ______________ deficits make it difficult for ASD
  children to adapt to new situations and
  interferes with their ability to handle change in
  materials they are reading

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Strategies to Facilitate Literacy in ASD Children

• See pages 120-124 of text

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Other Diagnoses on the Autism Spectrum
Associated Disorders

• Asperger Syndrome High Functioning Autism
  characteristics
• No significant delays in _____________
• No significant delays in ______ development
  before the age of _____
• Severe and sustained deficits in ________
• Development of _________________
  _____________________________

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ASPERGER SYNDROMEDSM-IV

• Qualitative impairments in ___________
• Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of
  ______, _______, and _______
• Clinically significant impairments in _____,
  __________, or other important areas of
  functioning

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Six Criteria for Diagnosing Asperger Syndrome

• Impairments in
• ______ social interaction
• ________ development
• Self-imposed ________
• Speech and language ________
• _________ communication
• _____ performance

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Rhetts Syndrome

• ________ disorder that affects only ____
• Typical development in first few _____ of life,
  with loss of skills at ____ months.
• Loss of functional use of ____, and the
  development of persistent ___________
• Clinical presentation closely resembles children
  with ____

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Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD)

• ______ development of verbal, nonverbal, social,
  adaptive and play skills, and behavior up to age
  __and then show a ____.
• Different from Classic Autism
• Age of _____
• ____________
• ______
• ________

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Assessment Diagnosis

• Comprehensive Assessment of Autism includes input
  from the following professionals
• ____________
• ____________
• ____________
• ____________
• ____________
• _____________

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Autism Assessments

• ADOS A____ D______ O______ S______
• ________ assessment
• Toddler to ____
• 4 module of this assessment
• Preverbal/single words
• Phrase speech
• Fluent speech child/adolescent
• High functioning adolescents and adults

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Treatment

• ABA (______________)
• Based on ______ conditioning
• Using the supposition of antecedent and
  ___________.
• Shaping- rewarding _____ behaviors.

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SCERTS

• Developed in _____
• Social-Communication, Emotional Regulation,
  Transactional Supports
• __________ approach to intervention that
  emphasizes the use of _________ communication in
  _________ setting activities that occur as a
  part of daily routines

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• ______ partner stage
• ______ partner stage
• __________ partner stage
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vWKVttP3Rfag

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Picture Exchange Communication System

• PECS
• Based on a child forming sentences by unprompted
  selection of _______ or a series of pictures
• Begin with _______ and work up to _______

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Katy Perry with Jodi
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Case Study

• Review Case Study (page 152-154) if time allows