INVENTIONS

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INVENTIONS

• 3.1 History3.2 Definition
• 3.3 The Great Inventions Inventors3.4 New
  Inventions/Products/Designs3.5 Absurd/Weird
  Inventions/Products
• 3.6 How have inventions affected us?

Feb 2010/TKL
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History of Invention
SEJARAH REKACIPTA
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Early invention for protection food
Pada awalnya, kegunaannya rekacipta bertujuan
Perlindungan Pengumpulan Makanan (Early
inventions were mainly for Protection Food
Gathering)
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Crude Tools/ Weapon
Ini meliputi rekacipta-
SENJATA KUNO -KASAR/MENTAH(crude tools/weapons)
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Crude Tools/ Weapon
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Inventions before written history

• Banyak Rekacipta berlaku sebelum prasejarah (masa
  penemuan oleh penulisan sejarah) (Many of the
  most significant inventions occurred before the
  period covered by written history)
• Ini meliputi rekacipta terawal
• Zaman Batu,
• Zaman Gangsa
• Zaman Besi

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Development of.

• Ini meliputi rekacipta-
• Kemajuan dalam Pertuturan
• (Development of Speech)
• Penanaman Tanaman
• (Cultivation of Plants)
• Penyebaran Haiwan
• (Domestication of Animals)

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Development of.

• Kemajuan Senibina
• (Development of Building Technique)
• Kemampuan menghasil mengawal API
• (Ability to produce and control FIRE)
• Kebolehan membuat tembikar (Ability to make
  Pottery)

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Development of.

• Pertumbuhan Sistem Politikal yang mudah
  (Development of simple Political Systems)
• Penciptaan RODA (Invention of WHEEL)

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Inventions after invention of writing
Penulisan sejarah bermula dengan terciptanya
Penulisan Penulisan sebagai asas komunikasi
telah menjadi penting dengan terciptanya alat
mudah alih dalam kurun ke 15 (The period of
recorded history began with the invention of
writing, writing as a mean of Mass Communication
became important with the invention movable type
in the 15th Century) Rekaciptaan berkembang
perat dengan lancar dalam zaman penulisan
sejarah, tetapi sejak kemunculan buku bercetak,
manusia di seluruh dunia telah berupaya menyelami
rekod penemuan masa lalu untuk di gunakan sebagai
panduan membuat evolusi, penemuan dan penciptaan
selanjutnya (Invention proceeded steadily
throughout the period of written history, but
since the advent of printed books, people all
over the word have able to obtain records of the
discoveries of the past for use as a basis for
further evolution, discoveries and inventions)
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Cave Painting/writing
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Industrial Revolution

• Zaman Mesin yang bermula selaras dengan REVOLUSI
  PERINDUSTRIAN terus berkembang hingga kehari
  ini, berkembang dari sekumpulan Perekacipta, yang
  mana paling penting termasuklah The Machine
  Age which began with the Industrial Revolution
  and continued to this day, developed from a group
  of Inventors, of which the most important ones
  include

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Use of Fuel .. Electricity.. RC

• Penggunaan bahan galian fosil seperti Arang Batu
  sebagai punca Tenaga The use of Fossil Fuel such
  as COAL as sources of energy
• Peningkatan proses Metalurgi (terutama besi
  aluminum) The improvement of metallurgical
  processes (especially Steel and Aluminium)

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Use of Fuel .. Electricity.. RC

• Kemajuan elektrik elektronik
• The development of Electricity and Electronics

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Use of Fuel .. Electricity.. RC

• Penciptaan pembakaran dalaman enjin The
  invention of the Internal Combustion Engine
• Penggunaan besi simen dalam kerja pembinaan
  The use of metal and cement in construction works
  ( Reinforced Concrete)

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Timeline - Invention
19th Century Invented Method of Invention, RD
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Greatest Invention R D
Rekacipta yang terunggul pada kurun ke 19 ialah
penciptaan cara merekacipta The Greatest
Invention of the 19th Century was the invention
of of the Method of Invention Pertumbuhan besar
Pembangunan dan Penyelidikan (PP) dalam kurun ke
20 The enormous growth of Research and
Development (RD) in the 20th Century
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Lab Radar, Nylon..

• MAKMAL telah membangun dengan Pencapaian tinggi
  seperti Laboratories have developed such
  outstanding achievement
• RADAR (US Naval Research Lab 1922)
• NYLON (Dupoint 1938)

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Lab Radar, Nylon..

• MAKMAL telah membangun dengan Pencapaian tinggi
  seperti Laboratories have developed such
  outstanding achievement
• Transistors
• (Bell Lab 1948)
• Komputer Elektronik Berangka Digital Computer

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Lab Radar, Nylon..

• REKACIPTA YANG BERKERJA SENDIRIAN Inventions by
  INDIVIDUAL working on THEIR OWN
• Televisyen
• Television
• Kamera Polariod
• Polaroid camera

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Lab Radar, Nylon..

• REKACIPTA YANG BERKERJA SENDIRIAN Inventions by
  INDIVIDUAL working on THEIR OWN
• Pena Bolamata Ball Pen
• Xerox Mesin Salinan
• Xerox copying machine

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SOALAN ???Question??
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Definition of Invention
DEFINISI REKACIPTA
REKACIPTA Invention
ialah perbuatan kreatif yang menghasilkan suatu
alat, objek, idea, prosedur, proces atau
teknik/kaedah yang cukup unik untuk menghasilkan
perubahan yang bermakna dalam penggunaan
teknologi.
(INVENTION is an act of creativity that results
in a device, object, idea, procedure, process or
technique novel enough to produce a significant
change in the application of technology
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DEFINASI REKACIPTA
Definasi yang Lebih Tetap REKACIPTA ialah APA
SAHAJA yang dihasilkan oleh manusia yang BARU
UNIK
Anything produced by human that is new and unique
is an INVENTION
Alat, objek, idea, prosedur, proces atau
teknik/kaedah
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EVOLUSI (Evolution)
Apa Sahaja peningkatan berperingkat dari sesuatu
yang ringkas kepada yang lebih baik. The gradual
Development of something from simple to more
complicated/ better/improved forms
EVOLUSI
REKACIPTA
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SEJARAH- KASUT
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SOALAN ???Question??
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4 Great Inventions from Ancient China
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4 Great Inventions from Ancient China
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4 Great Inventions from Ancient China
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4 Great Inventions from Ancient China
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Contoh-contohRekaciptaan- rekaan dan
Pereka-pereka Agung (Examples of Great
Inventions Inventors)
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CONTOH 1 - ZIP/ZIPPER
Bagaimana ianya direka dan dibangunkan? (How was
it invented developed?)
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1851 Elias Howe invented Clothing
Closure/sewing machine
1851 Elias Howe mereka dan membuat paten
pengancing pakaian automatik.. Ianya adalah
hasil kejayaan mesin penjahit, yang
menyebabkannya menghentikan perekaan Pengancing
Pakaian Automatik. Sebab itu, ia terlepas
peluang menjadi Bapa Zipper
(Elias Howe invented patented automatic
continuous CLOSING CLOSURE. It was the success of
sewing machine that made him not to pursue the
Clothing Closure and hence MISSED his chance as
Father of the ZIPPER
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CLASP LOCKER
Whitcomb Judson Patented in 1893 Clasp
Locker Complicated HOOK EYE (Cangkuk
Mata) Tali Pengikat Kasut Shoe Fastener
1893 Patented Clasp Locker
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The ZIPPER
20 tahun kemudian, Gideon Sundback menghasilkan
dengan rekabentuk yang baru. 20 years later,
Gideon Sundback subsequently came up with a New
Design

• Menambahkan jumlah ikatan dari 4 ikatan setiap
  inci kepada 11. Increased the number of fastening
  elements from four per inch to ten or eleven
• Dua baris gigi-gigi bertemu yang bersatu apabila
  ditolak pengikatnya dengan menggunakan slider.
  Two facing rows of teeth that pulled into a
  single piece by the slider

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The ZIPPER
1917 Pengikat yang boleh dipisahkan (Separable
Fastener) Nama ZIPPER diambil oleh B.F Goodrich
Co. apabila mereka memutuskan untuk membuat suatu
jenis kasut dari getah. The Zipper name came from
B.F.Goodrich Co. when they decided to use on a
new type of RUBBER BOOTS
Gideon Sundback
Paten Asal ORIGINAL PATENT
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The ZIPPER
Dalam tahun 1930, penggunaan zip terhadap pakaian
kanak-kanak telahpun bermula bagi mempromosikan
pemakaian sendiri ke atas pakaian di kalangan
kanak-kanak. 1n 1930, it began to use Zippers for
children clothing which promoted self-help
clothing for young children.
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The ZIPPER
Dalam tahun 1937, penggunaan zip telahpun
menggantikan penggunaan butang, apabila pereka
fesyen Perancis memperkenalkan penggunaan zip
terhadap pakaian seluar lelaki. In 1937 the
Zipper beat the Button when French Fashion
designer introduced Zipers to mens trousers.
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Zipper terdapat pada pakaian, beg, barangan kulit
dan bermacam-macam lagi. Zipper dihasilkan
setiap hari untuk memenuhi keperluan pelanggan.
Terima kasih di atas usaha-usaha pereka Zipper
yang terdahulu. Zipper is everywhere, in
clothing, luggage and leather goods and countless
other objects. Thousands miles of "Zipper are
produced daily to meet the needs of consumers,
thanks to the early efforts of "Zipper" inventors.
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CONTOH 2 - VELCROPELEKAT YANG ENAKJUBKANA
BETTER FASTENER
VELCRO FASTENERS
Juga dikenali Pelekat Gelung. Pita
pelekat bercangkuk dan keras manakala pita
gelung, lembut dan gebu. Ia juga dipanggil
Pelekat Sentuh". Also called Hook Loop Tape.
The Hook Tape has stiff hooks while the Loop
Tape is soft fuzzy. Also known a Touch
Fastener
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BAGAIMANA GEORGE DE MENSTRAL MEREKA VELCRO?How
did George De Mestral INVENT the VELCRO?
? Pada awal tahun 1940-an semasa sedang berburu,
beliau mendapati kot anjingya serta seluar
kapasnya dipenuhi dengan cockleburs. Early of
1940s hunting trip found his dogs coat his
wool pants covered with cockleburs.

• Tertarik dengan kuasa cengkamannya
• (Fascinated by their "staying power)

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? Memeriksa dengan kanta, beliau mendapati setiap
satu mempunyai beratus-ratus cangkuk kecil pada
setiap gelung fabrik pada seluarnya. ( Inspected
under a magnifying glass found each had
hundreds of tiny hooks engaged in the loops of
the fabric of his pants ? Menyedari bahawa
sesuatu alat pelekat boleh dibuat berdasarkan
prinsip ini (Realized that some type of fastener
could be made based on the same principle) ?
Ada yang beranggapan idea ini karut. Others
thought his idea was absurd.
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How was Velcro Invented(Cond)
? In 1948. he quitted as an engineer, got a loan
for 150,000 with the help of a textile weaver
in France, he designed his new "locking tape"
from cotton but mass-production was a problem. ?
By accident, he discovered that nylon, when sewn
under infrared light, formed indestructible
hooks. ? He made a special machine to duplicate
the hooks and loops using nylon
? Named this new product Velcro from the
French words for velvet, VELour", and hook,
CROchet".
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The Connection of Hook Loop
Penyangkuk Gelung
?
?
?
?
GELUNG (LOOPS)
CANGKUK (HOOKS)
Hook Side is made of hundreds of tiny flexible
HOOKS
Loop Side is made of hundreds of small, soft
LOOPS
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VELCRO FASTENERSKesan Rekacipta Invention Impact
?Suatu alat yang praktikal dan yang berkesan (A
practical and effective tool) ? Banyak digunakan
pada pakaian, kapal terbang, peralatan pejabat,
sukan dan alat-alat untuk riadah. (Widely used in
clothing, aircraft, office equipment, and
sporting and leisure equipment)
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VELCRO FASTENERSKesan Rekacipta Invention Impact
? Juga digunakan pada kenderaan, industri
perubatan, kejuruteraan nuklear dan program
angkasa lepas NASA (Also used in automotive and
medical industries, nuclear engineering NASAs
space program)
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Velcro
VELCRO FASTENERS

• ? Pada sekitar akhir tahun 1950-an, mesin penenun
  mengeluarkan 60 juta ela Velcro setahun. Hari ini
  penyangkuk dan gelung George adalah yang paling
  popular. By the end of the 1950's, textile looms
  were churning out 60 million yards of Velcro per
  year. Today, George's hook-and-loop creation is
  more popular than ever.

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CONTOH 3 LIQUID PAPER
MENGECAT
MENAIP

• Seorang setiausaha yang kurang biasa dengan
  mesin taip elektrik baru.
• Membuat kesalahan dan terpaksa mengulangi
  kerjanya.berfikir.

• 1972, Liquid Paper dijual kepada Syarikat
  Gillette dengan harga US50 juta.

Bette Nesmith
The Woman who made millions by connecting Painting
and Typing
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The Evolution of LIQUID PAPER
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CONTOH-CONTOH REKACIPTA TERKENAL

• Beliau bermula merekacipta pada umur 20 tahun
  memiliki lebih 1,000 paten
• Dia gagal 10,000 kali dalam kerja rekacipta lampu
  elektrik.
• Mengikut beliau, dia tetap mengenalpasti 10,000
  cara yang kerjanya tidak berfungsi.
• Kejayaan ialah 1 Inspirasi dan 99
  Perspirasi/kerja keras

His success was built on 1 Inspiration 99
Perspiration
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Common Qualities possessed by Inventors
CIRI-CIRI PERSAMAAN PEREKACIPTA Common Qualities
possessed by Inventors
1. Ingin mengetahui Insatiable Curiosity 2.
Tabahkan hati dalam mencari idea-idea
Determination in pursuit of their ideas 3.
Latihan teknikal atau kemahiran teknikal
asas Technical training or native technical skill
4. Kebiasaan dengan sains Some familiarity
with science 5. Kreativiti Creativity
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You can be an Inventor

• Pencipta yang kreatif. Mereka minat luas.
• Pencipta bermotivasi tinggi. Mereka menghadapi
  risiko.
• Pencita pengalaman yang uas dan rajin bekerja dan
  
• Pentingnya mereka menyelesaikan masalah.

KREATIF (Be Creative)
Tidak Berputus Asa (Be Persistent)
Bersifat Ingin Mengetahui (Be Curious)
ANDA
Kamu pun boleh berjaya menjadi seorng PENCIPTA
You also can be an INVENTOR
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SOALAN ???Question??