A.????%20B.???????%20C.???%20D.???%20E.????

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????? I ?????
???????????????????? ????????????????????????????
?????? A.???? B.??????? C.??? D.??? E.????
F.????????? G.???? H.?? I.???? J.????? I
K.????? II L.??????? ?????????? ??????????????????
???????????????? ?????????? A??E??????????????????
?F?????????? ???????G??I?????????????????????J??L?
??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????
??
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I ????
????? (I.1) ??? ??????????????????????????
????? ? ???????? (I.2) ????
V????????????????????????????????? (I.3) ???
3??????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????
??????????? (I.4) ???? ????????????????????????
?????????? ?????????????????????????????????
????
????????HP???????? http//www.ioa.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/
kisohp/STAFF/nakada/intro-j.html
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I.1.???
???????????????????????????? ?1
????????????m1?????? ???m1???????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????? ????????
??????m2??????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????
2
F
1
m2
m1
0
?2
?1
0.5
0
1
???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????
???
???????1?1??????
??
4
?????
D?
RGB3??
???????
???2
???1
??(nm)
??????3???????????????????????????????????????????
?? 589 nm ????????????????? ??????0?40?80??????
?1 90 35 10 ?2 10 65 90 ? ? ?
? ?1?2??????????????????
5
??????
?????????????????????? ???1??2?????? C12
m1?m2 ???
??? m1-m2 ????1lt?2 ??????? B-V ?????V-B ?
???
??????????
(1).??????????????????????
(2) ???????0???
6
(3) ???????????????????????
??
F(?2)
m1?m2gt0 F-M?
F(?1)
F
m1?m20 A0?
m1
m1?m2lt0 O-B?
??
m2
0
?2
?1
?
(4) ?????(??)?????F(?2)??????m2??????????
????? (m1?m2 ) ??????? (5) ???????????????????????
??????????
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?????
???????????? Bm(0.44µm) Vm(0.55µm)
Fo(B)4063Jy Fo(V)3636Jy
1Jy10-26W/m2/Hz
????? ?? F(B ) F(V)
(Jy) (Jy) ???? 1.493 104
1.356 104 ?? 1.1021014 1.8041014 ??????
663 2380
??? ??? B V B-V
?? ? -1.43 -1.44 0.01 9400 ? -26.10
-26.75 0.65 5780 ? 1.95 0.45
1.50 3370 ?
????????????? (1) ??????????????? (2)
??????????? (3) ?????????
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???????????
??B????????(??????)
??B?B????B
Fo(B )4063Jy,Fo(V)3636Jy
????
9
???U???(?U0.366µm)?Fo(U )1790Jy ????
10
???????
T?8??? B(T,?)?2kT(?/c)22kT/?2 ????(??????????)
?????????????????8??????????????
11
T?0??? B?? (2h?3/c2)exp(-h?/kT)
????(??????)
????????
T?0? B-VBB? U-BBB? ?8??????
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(No Transcript)
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I.2. ????
log?F(?)
V???
?????? F ?F(?)d? ????????????????????????????

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B?
A?
F?
V???????????????
M?
0
B? ??
A? ?????
F? ???
M? ??
V???????????F3V?????? ????V0?F3V???????? mBOL0
???????
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????BC (Bolometric Correction)????????????
mBOL mVBC
???? mBOL??????? Apparent Bolometric
Magnitude -2.5log?F(?)d?/FoBOL-2
.5log(F/FoBOL) mV???V?? Apparent V Magnitude
FoBOL mV0?F3V?????????2.5 10-8 W/m2
BC??mV ????B-V(???T??)??????????????????????????
?????
????????????BC
mBOLmvBC mBOL-2.5log?F(?) d?/FoBOL? mv
-2.5logFv(?) /FoV ???? F(?) BB(??T)
?F(?) d? (s/p)T4 Fv(?) 3636Jy?
FoBOL 2.5 10-8 W/m2
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BCmBOL-mv
Fv(?) 3636Jy? FoBOL 2.5 10-8 W/m2 ??????
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???Te???????????BC(BB)????????????????? Sp
O5 B0 A0 F0 G0
K0 M0 M5 Te 42,000
30,000 9,790 7,300 5,940 5,150 3,840
3,170 BC (star) -4.4 -3.16 -0.30
-0.09 -0.18 -0.31 -1.38 -2.73
BC(BB) -3.68 -2.73 -0.34 -0.12
-0.14 -0.26 -0.89 -1.64 M??O??
????????????????????????????????????(M???????O????
???)?BB????????????????????????
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(No Transcript)
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I.3.??? (Two Color Diagram)
(U-B, B-V) ?
????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
???????????????UBV?3?????????????????????????????
U???? 0.33-0.39 µm log?-0.48-0.41 log?eff-0.43
6 B???? 0.39-0.49 µm? log?-0.41-0.31 log?eff-0
.359 V???? 0.51-0.59 µm log?-0.29-0.23 log?eff
-0.264
???
A0?
U
B
V
0.4µm
0.3µm
0.6µm
0.5µm
???
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??????????U-B, B-V ??????????????????????10,000K?
????????0????? ??????????????????????
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B
U
V
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B
U
V
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(No Transcript)
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V
B
U
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(No Transcript)
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V
U
B
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(No Transcript)
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V
U
B
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(No Transcript)
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V
U
B
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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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U
V
B
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(No Transcript)
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U
V
B
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(No Transcript)
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V
U
B
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????(K) 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000
9,000 10,000 U-B B-V ????(K) 15,000
20,000 30,000 U-B B-V
-1.5
U-B
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
-0.5
0.5
2.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
B-V
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?????????????????????????????????????

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?????????2??? Astrophysical Quantities
??????? ??????2??????????
????U-B??????????????? B-V????????????????????????
U-B?1000K??7000K?????????????????????????
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??? t107 yr Z0.02 (Bertelli 1994)
AQ 2002 ????
K-M?????
K-M?????
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(No Transcript)
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????????????????????
Bessell?Brett 1988 PASP 100, 1134
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???(P105dyn/cm2)????(P10 dyn/cm2)?????????
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???????????????????????????????
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????
M5III
????
M0
M5V
G0
BB
A0
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I.4.???? (color magnitude diagram)
??????????????????????????? ??log(L/Lo),
logF ??????Te?logF(?1)/F(?2) ??????????????
??
HR????????????
???
???????????????????????(R,L,M?V??)? ??(T,??v??)???
?????????????? ???????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????
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H.2.HR??????
Russell, H. ?????HR??1914 PA 22, 275
?????? ?????????
B
A
F
G
K
M
-4
-2
(1) ???????????????? (2) B???????????????????????
0
2
4
Russell? (1) ? (2) ?? Hertzsprung ? 1905??
Zeitschrift fur Wissenschftloche Photographie 3,
442 ????????????? ??(dwarf stars)???(giant
stars) ?????????
6
8
10
N
50
?????????????????????????Russell????????????(1)???
????????????????????????????????
??????????(2)??????????????????????????????
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Russell ?????????????(2)???????????

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(B) ????????? ????????? ??????????????????????
????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
?????????????M-1?V-I1????????????? ?????????????
??????????????????????
53
????3????????????????????? ?????????
???????
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(C) ?????(Baades Window)???????????????
?????(???????? I)
????(??????? MI)
?????????????????1Gyr?10Gyr???????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????
Paczynski/Stanek 1998 ApJ 494, L219-222
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???????????????(????????????????????)?????????????
?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????
??????????????????????? ?????????????????????????
(1) ??????????????????????????????????
????????????(Distance Modulus)???????? (2)
??????????????????????????????? ???????????????

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(D) ??(?)?????(?)?2??????????
??J-K0.4???????????THICK DISK????????????????????
? ??????????????????????
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1GyrAGB??
AGB
O.1GyrMS
1Gyr????AGB??
1GyrRGB??
10GyrRGB??
RGB
SG
RC
MS
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(No Transcript)
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????(K) 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000
9,000 10,000 U-B 0.7 0.2 -0.25
-0.15 0.03 0.09 0.0 B-V
1.4 1.15 0.7 0.37 0.21
0.08 0.0 ????(K) 15,000 20,000
30,000 U-B -0.66 -0.99
1.24 B-V -0.09 -0.09
-0.16
-1.5
U-B
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
0.7
-0.5
0.5
2.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
B-V