WIND ENERGY

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WIND ENERGY
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Introduction

• What is wind energy? energy generated from wind
• Wind energy electrical energy
• Renewable source of energy
• Underutilized accounts for only 1.5 of total
  energy used in the world (Merz 2008, p. 46)
• Poised to become dominant form of energy in
  future

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Historical use of wind energy

• Its use dates back to 5,000 years ago (Righter,
  2006, p. 35)
• Use decrease with invention of water and fossil
  energies
• More developments in 19th and 20th century

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Cont

• Modern development from 1970s with discovery of
  turbines in Denmark
• The picture aside shows a a wind turbine

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Power generation from wind energy

• Basic electricity generation like in water and
  fossil energy
• Wind speed areas of high and low speed wind
  which turn the turbine

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Cont..

• Turbines located in wind farms
• A wind farm has several turbines which generate
  power
• Should be located in areas without distraction

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Cont..

• Wind farm connected to power collection system
• Electricity flow - wind farm to substation
  (Zavadi, 2005, p. 52)
• Excess power fed to national grid
• Set back intermittency due to wind variation
• Solution Pumped storage hydroelectricity

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Cont..

• Wind turbine site determine total power output
  (Demeo et al., 2005, p. 32)
• Suitable site raise areas with no distractions
• Close to transmission lines
• Other considerations - land use use, cost of
  land, environmental impact (Gipe 2008, p. 95)

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Current Usage of Wind Energy

• World output - 121,188 MWp
• 55 of the total wind turbines, are located in
  Europe (Merz, 2008, p. 6)
• 81 of the total wind usage in the world in
  United States and Europe
• Since 2000 output has quadrupled
• By 2010, total output will be 160GW

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Cont..

• Country output
• Denmark 1/5th of the total energy demand
  (Mason 2008, p. 17)
• United States Leading producer with 16.8 GW
  output

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Cont..

• Australia 6 wind farms with 756 turbines (IEA,
  2009, p. 13)
• Generates 1,300 megawatt which equals 1.35 of
  total energy consumption
• The graph aside show geographical distribution

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Cont..

• Most countries promoting wind energy in remote
  areas (Righter 2006, p. 325)
• Companies and homes erecting turbines
• Small scale wing power generators at homes
• Wind farms as financial ventures (Righter 2006,
  p. 375)

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Advantages

• Environmental friendly (Perry, 2009)
• Cheap compared to other sources
• Renewable (U.S Department of Energy, 2008)
• Readily available in the environment
• Economical on land use
• Economical venture

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Disadvantages

• High initial cost (Perry, 2009)
• Noise pollution (Energy Kidds, 2009)
• Danger to flying mammals
• Impact on landscape (U.S Department of Energy,
  2008).
• It is unpredictable

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Conclusion

• Wind energy - use of wind power to generate
  electricity from wind turbines
• Gained increasing use since 1970
• Preferred because it is renewable, cheap, and
  friendly to the environment
• However its costly and not reliable due to
  intermittency
• wind energy is the future source of energy for
  the world

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Bibliography

• Demeo, E., Grant, W., Milligan, R., Schuerger,
  M 2005, Wind plant integration. Power and Energy
  Magazine, Vol. 6, Issue 6
• Energy Kidds, 2009, Wind Energy, Retrieved 6th
  October 2009 from http//tonto.eia.doe.gov/kids/en
  ergy.cfm?pagewind_home-basics
• Gipe, P 2008, Wind energy basic A guide to small
  and micro wind systems, Chelsea Green Publishing
• IEA, 2009, Wind Energy Annual Report 2008,
  International Energy Agency, 2009
• Merz, S 2008, Renewable generation and
  implication on development, BERR Publications
• Perry, Z 2009, Advantages and disadvantages of
  wind power, Retrieved 6th October 2009 from
  http//hubpages.com/hub/advantages-disadvantages-w
  ind
• Righter, R 2006, Wind energy in America,
  Macmillan
• U.S Department of Energy, 2008, Advantages and
  disadvantages of wind energy, Retrieved 6th
  October 2009 from http//www1.eere.energy.gov/wind
  andhydro/wind_ad.html
• Zavadi, R 2005, Making connection, IEE, Vol. 3