USA v. Russia

1
USA v. Russia

• Comparing the spread of Industrialization

2
Similar Outcomes

• Industrialization Brings
• New Technologies
• Sources of Energy
• Leads to an Increase in Production
• Directly influences Urbanization

3
Social Influence

• Decreases for
• Aristocracy
• Artisans
• Peasants

• Increases for
• Middle Class
• Factory Workers

4
Other Similarities

• Women in the work force
• Received lower wages
• Are discriminated against
• Not allowed to join unions
• Are ostracized for taking jobs from men

5
Other Similarities (Continued)

• Trade Unions and Socialist Movements
• Social Conflict in Industrial Societies

6
Factors leading to Differences

• Pace and Timing of Industrialization
• Size and shape of Major Industries
• Role of the State (Government)
• Political Expression of Social Conflict

7
Alexis de Tocqueville

• The Anglo-American relies upon interest to
  accomplish his ends and gives free scope to the
  unguided strength and common sense of the people
  the Russian centers all the authority of society
  in a single arm... Their starting point is
  different and their courses are not the same yet
  each of them seems marked out by the will of
  Heaven to sway destinies of half the globe.
  (Early 1800s)

8
USA

• Begins
• Textile Industry of New England 1820s
• Factors of Growth
• Huge size
• Natural Resources
• Domestic Market
• Political Stability

9
Role of the U.S. Government

• Provides tax breaks to entrepreneurs
• Provides grants of public land to promote
  railroad construction
• Laws benefit corporations
• Absence of regulatory oversight of industry

10
U.S. Innovations in Industrialization

• Mail Order Catalogs
• Mastered Mass Production
• Interchangeable Parts
• Assembly Line (Model T)
• I am going to democratize the automobile -
  Henry Ford

11
Social Issues

• Class disputes stem from rioting over wages
• Socialism does not catch on because unions are
  not politically aligned and society is
  heterogeneous
• Instead Progressives push for
• Wage and hours legislation
• Better sanitation standards
• Antitrust laws and Government involvement

12
Russia

• Early 1800s
• Absolute Monarchy (Tsar Nicholas II)
• No national Parliament
• Most Russians are Serfs (similar to slaves)
• Serve Titled Nobility

13
Social Issues

• Huge gap separates Nobility and Serfs
• Serfs are freed in 1861

14
Industrial Development

• Begins in 1860s (After end of Serfdom)
• Focused on Railroads and Heavy Industry
• Leads to a large middle class
• They want a political voice due to harsh
  conditions and no legal outlet
• Until 1897, 13-hour workdays

15
Beginning of Socialism

• Russia loses Naval War with Japan (1905)
• The Working Class Riots
• Form representative councils called Soviets
• Tsar brutally represses the riots which leads to
  further mistrust of the government
• Tsar institutes some failed changes
• The Duma (legislative body)

16
The Catalyst

• 1914
• 1.2 million workers go on strike
• 40 of the workforce
• Russia is forced to join World War I due to
  entanglement treaties
• Soviets gain steam in recruitment due to the wars
  hardships

17
The Bolsheviks

• October 1917
• The first ever Socialist Nation-State
• USSR (United Soviet Socialist Republics)