The Mongol Empire

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The Mongol Empire
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Genghis Khan

• Fierce, powerful Mongol leader (1162 to 1227)
• Consolidates Mongolian tribes
• Creates a Mongolian Empire
• Name means Universal Ruler
• Genghis legacy
• Unity
• Religious tolerance
• Written language for the Mongolians

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Kublai Khan

• Great Khan
• Grandson of Genghis
• 1271 establishes Yuan Dynasty
• Adopts many Chinese beliefs, customs and
  institutions

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Staff Page

• Mongols Reading

1. Why did horses play such an important role in
   the success of the Mongols?
2. What technological improvements did the Mongols
   devise to make their armies more effective?
3. How does the battle of Kalka River illustrate
   the Mongol battle tactics?
4. Describe the weapons carried by the soldiers in
   the heavy cavalry. What do you think would be
   the major difficulty for riders?

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Why did horses play such a important role in the
success of the Mongols?

• 1. Military advantage
• 2. Food

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What technological improvements did the Mongols
devise to make their armies more effective?

• 1. Compound Bow shoots over 350 yards!!
• 2. Stirrups improved horse saddle
• 3. Skilled with a bow on horseback

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How does the battle of Kalka River illustrate
the Mongol battle tactics?

• 1. Fake retreat
• 2. Flank attack from sides and back

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Describe the weapons carried by the soldiers in
the heavy cavalry. What do you think would be
the major difficulty for riders?

• 1. 2 bows
• 2. Lasso
• Difficulty managing all of their equipment!

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Decline of the Yuan

• Reasons
• Huang He (Yellow) River floods causing
  destruction and famine
• String of weak successors
• Chinese unrest