Exploring The Universe

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Exploring The Universe

• Test Review

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1. Draw and label the phases of the moon Explain
what causes them.

• New moon
• Waxing Crescent
• 1st quarter
• Waxing Gibbous
• Full moon
• Waning Gibbous
• 3rd quarter
• Waning Crescent

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1. Draw and label the phases of the moon Explain
what causes them.

• The moons phases are caused by its revolutions
  around the Earth (and therefore the part of it
  which we see).

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2. Explain why it is colder at the North Pole
than the Equator

• The energy from sunlight is more direct and
  concentrated at the equator

sun
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3. Draw and label neap and spring tides What are
the phases of the moon are related to each?
Explain the affect on tides caused by spring and
neap tides

• Spring tide

sun
Earth
full moon
New moon
High tides are higher and low tides are lower
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3. Draw and label neap and spring tides What are
the phases of the moon are related to each?
Explain the affect on tides caused by spring and
neap tides

• Neap tide

Third Quarter
Sun
Earth
First Quarter
High tides and low tides similar in height
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Black hole
Super Giant
Super nova
Main Sequence Star
Neutron star
Nebula
Giant
Proto Star
Red Giant
Black Dwarf
White Dwarf
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Nebula A giant cloud of gas of dust
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
protostar as the nebula condenses down due to
gravity, the center begins to heat up
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Main Sequence Star Regular star, burns for
millions of years. Most stars fall in this
category.
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Red Giant as a star runs our of fuel, the
outter layers begin to swell and escape.
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
White Dwarf Medium and smaller stars lose
those outter layers and all that is left is a
glowing white-hot core of the old star.
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Black Dwarf the cooled-down remains of a white
dwarf.
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Super Nova Large stars ultimately explode into
a massive super nova.
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Neutron star The remaining, pulsating dense
core left after a super-nova explosion.
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4. Sketch and label the life cycle of a star.
Give a short phrase description of what is going
on at each stage.
Black Hole The largest of all super novas
result in a remaining core so dense and with so
much gravity that not even light can escape its
pull!
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5. Explain what a light year is and why it is
used.

• The distance light travels in a year.
• It is used because distances in space are so
  large that we cant realistically measure them in
  meters or kilometers.

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6. What is a galaxy?
A galaxy is a giant structure that contains
dust, gasses and hundreds of billions of stars.
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7. Draw and label the three types of galaxies
spiral elliptical irregular (like
our galaxy, the Milky Way)
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8. Draw the type of galaxy our solar system is
found in and label the place where our solar
system is found.
THE MILKY WAY!!!
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8. Continued Draw the type of galaxy our solar
system is found in and label the place where our
solar system is found.
The Halo
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9. Describe the Big Bang Theory and the evidence
that supports it.
The Big Bang Theory states that the universe
began with an enormous explosion about 10 to 15
billion years ago. One of the evidences is the
red shift of stars moving away from us.
Tracing their paths backwards allows scientists
to estimate the starting point and how long
ago the Big Bang occurred.
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10. Diagram our solar system showing the relative
motions of the sun, moon, earth and at least one
inner and one outer planet
the moon is right here!
Note the planets circling the sun while the moon
is circling Earth!
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11. How are the follwing thing related galaxy,
planet, universe, solar system? Put em in order
from largest to smallest.
The universe is everything everywhere. The
universe contains many (billions!) of
galaxies! A galaxy is made up of billions of
stars. One such star system is our solar
system. Planets circle the stars. Most likely,
there are lots-n-lots of planets out therewe
are just starting to discover them!
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11. How are the follwing thing related galaxy,
planet, universe, solar system? Put em in order
from largest to smallest.
Largest Universe Galaxy Solar
System Planet Smallest
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12. What are the four main groups of stars on the
HR diagram? What does the HR Diagram
compare/graph (three things)? What are the
trends on the H-R Diagram?
super giants
giants
m a i n s e q u e n c e
white dwarfs
The four main groups on the HR Diagram are the
white dwarfs, giants, super giants and main
sequence.
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12. What are the four main groups of stars on the
HR diagram? What does the HR Diagram
compare/graph (three things)? What are the
trends on the H-R Diagram?
B R I G H T N E S S
T E M P E R A T U R E
The HR Diagram shows the relationship between
temperature, brightness and color.
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12. What are the four main groups of stars on the
HR diagram? What does the HR Diagram
compare/graph (three things)? What are the
trends on the H-R Diagram?
B R I G H T N E S S
BRIGHTER
HOTTER
T E M P E R A T U R E
The HR Diagram shows the relationship between
temperature, brightness and color.
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13. What are apparent magnitude and absolute
magnitude? Give some examples (made up stars are
ok) and compare them.
Apparent Magnitude the brightness of a star as
seen from earth. Absolute Magnitude the actual
brightness of a star as compared to other stars
when they are all viewed from the same distance.
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13. What are apparent magnitude and absolute
magnitude? Give some examples (made up stars are
ok) and compare them.
The yellow star appears much brighter to me
because it is so much closer to earth. If I
could put them the same distance away, I would
discover that the red star is actually much
brighter!
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14. What is the difference between weight and
mass?
Mass A measure of how much matter an object
contains. It is a property of the object and not
affected by gravity. Your mass is the same, no
matter where you are in the universe! Weight
The resulting force of the gravitational pull on
an object. You will weigh less on the
moon because there is less gravity.and more on
the sun because there is more gravity