Learning Theory

1
Learning Theory Experience physically changes the
structure of the nervous system, altering neural
circuits that participate in perceiving,
performing, thinking, planning and reward. Four
Forms of Learning Perceptual Learning Stimulus /
response learning Motor learning Relational
learning
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Stimulus Response Learning Based on principles of
classical conditioning and operant
conditioning. Classical Conditioning Also termed
associative learning or respondent
conditioning Teaching a response to a new
stimulus by pairing that stimulus with another
stimulus that elicits that response Martin
Pear
R
S1
S2
3
Operant Conditioning Also termed instrumental
conditioning The process of strengthening a
behaviour by reinforcing it or weakening a
behaviour by punishing it Martin Pear
B
CSE
ASE
Consequence Stimulus Event
Antecedent Stimulus Event
Behaviour
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Principles Positive reinforcement Negative
reinforcement Extinction Punishment
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Positive Reinforcement Strengthening a behaviour
by immediately following it with a reward
B
R
B
Negative Reinforcement Strengthening a behaviour
by immediately following it with the removal or
avoidance of something the person doesnt like
B
B
- R
6
Extinction Weakening a behaviour by withholding
a known positive reinforcer. Punishment Weakenin
g of a behaviour by following it with an aversive
CSE ( Consequent stimulus event).