Growing Tobacco In A Changing Political Environment - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Growing Tobacco In A Changing Political Environment

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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: Gary K. Palmer Last modified by: Gary K. Palmer Created Date: 11/5/2002 8:12:05 PM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Growing Tobacco In A Changing Political Environment


1
Growing Tobacco In A Changing Political
Environment
  • Dr. Gary Palmer

2
Shoot the Groundhog
3
A Wet Start Damages Roots Stems
4
Effects of Rainfall on Burley Yield
2002 Yield 1930 lb/a
1994 Yield 2400 lb/a
5
Poor or Damaged Roots May Influence Disease and
Nutrient Uptake
6
Burley Tobacco Variety TrialHarrison Co. Randy
Wade Farm
7
Burley Tobacco Variety TrialKnox Co. Carson
Gilbert Farm
8
Burley Tobacco Variety TrialAcross Six Locations
3 Grades
Locations Henry, Monroe, Spencer, Taylor (3)
9
Burley Tobacco Variety TrialAcross Four
Locations 4 Grades
Locations Harrison, Henry, Knox Whitley
10
Yield Ranking of Varieties for Each of 11 Trials
Locations Bath, Harrison, Henry(2), Knox,
Monroe, Spencer, Taylor (3) Whitley,
11
Minimizing Disease, Insect Weed Pressure
  • Terramaster 4EC 0.7 fl oz/100 gal
  • Pythium Soft rot in the float System
  • Actigard 50 WG ½ oz per acre
  • Blue Mold
  • Admire 2F 1 fl oz/1000 plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Platinum 0.8 fl oz/1000 Plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Spartan 4F 8-10 fl oz/A
  • Morningglories Nutsedge

12
Pythium Soft Rot
13
Pythium Control with Terramaster 4EC
14
Possible Root Stimulation
15
Terramaster phytotoxicity - Shoots
16
Root Recovery
17
Terramaster? 4EC controls growth of algae
Source W. Gutierrez T. Melton, North Carolina
State University, 2000
18
Minimizing Disease, Insect Weed Pressure
  • Terramaster 4EC 0.7 fl oz/100 gal
  • Pythium Soft rot in the float System
  • Actigard 50 WG ½ oz per acre
  • Blue Mold
  • Admire 2F 1 fl oz/1000 plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Platinum 0.8 fl oz/1000 Plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Spartan 4F 8-10 fl oz/A
  • Morningglories Nutsedge

19
Actigard Phytotoxicity
20
2000 Blue Mold StudyCarl Waits Farm Jessamine
Co

Yields are an average across two tests. Acrobat
was applied to all but the check on 6/22. The
above treatments were made on 7/5 7/17.
21
Minimizing Disease, Insect Weed Pressure
  • Terramaster 4EC 0.7 fl oz/100 gal
  • Pythium Soft rot in the float System
  • Actigard 50 WG ½ oz per acre
  • Blue Mold
  • Admire 2F 1 fl oz/1000 plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Platinum 0.8 fl oz/1000 Plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Spartan 4F 8-10 fl oz/A
  • Morningglories Nutsedge

22
Controlling Red Aphids
23
Influence of Insecticide Treatments on Insect
PressureBoyle Co - Wesley Pruitt Farm (2nd
rating)
PPlatinum, AAdmire, OOrthene fl oz/a except
Orthene in lb/a, Trans Transplant water,
Drenched plants were treated 1 week prior to
Transplanting
24
Minimizing Disease, Insect Weed Pressure
  • Terramaster 4EC 0.7 fl oz/100 gal
  • Pythium Soft rot in the float System
  • Actigard 50 WG ½ oz per acre
  • Blue Mold
  • Admire 2F 1 fl oz/1000 plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Platinum 0.8 fl oz/1000 Plants
  • Aphids Fleabeetles
  • Spartan 4F 8-10 fl oz/A
  • Morningglories Nutsedge

25
No-till Tobacco Production
  • Soil Conservation
  • Moisture Conservation
  • Reduced Field Preparation
  • Allows timely field operations
  • Cleaner cured leaf

26
Transplanter Modification
  • No-till Colter
  • Cuts residue
  • Provides narrow tilledzone
  • Subsoil shank
  • Provides loose soil under root ball
  • Pulls unit into soil
  • Press wheels
  • Close and firm soil around roots

27
Recommendations to Growers
  • Learn as much as possible
  • Extension sources
  • Magazine articles
  • Other growers
  • Start slow, and learn fast !!
  • Greater attention to detail
  • Plan ahead
  • Select sites carefully
  • Past crop history
  • Weed pressure
  • Soil type

28
Fertilization
29
Fertility TrialJackson Co. Mike Huff Farm
Broadcast Sidedress
Number lbs of product, AN Ammonium Nitrate,
CN Calcium Nitrate, SN Sodium Nitrate

30
Fertility TrialJackson Co. Ron Madden Farm
Broadcast Sidedress
Number lbs of product, AN Ammonium Nitrate,
CN Calcium Nitrate, SN Sodium Nitrate

31
Nitrogen Fertilization Sources
32
Attributes of Nitrate Nitrogen
  • Prevent acid soils and low pH
  • Reduce chance of Nitrate loading of plants
  • Reduces green cure
  • Reduces fat stems
  • Which can freeze and bleed onto leaf
  • Which can lead to high moisture reading at market

33
High chloride in tobacco
  • Sources
  • Muriate containing fertilizers
  • Chicken Liter
  • Poor cured leaf color
  • dingy, muddy, variegated
  • Imparts unpleasant flavor and aroma to smoke
  • Reduces burn rate
  • Cause cured leaf to hold moisture
  • moldy stems / fat stems
  • high case can lead to rot during storage
  • nitrosamines ??

34
Tomato Spotted Wilt
  • Incidence is increasing
  • Spread by Thrips
  • Field infection
  • Few plants
  • Strong edge effect
  • Transplant infection
  • Many plants
  • Entire field

35
Topping and Harvesting Burley TobaccoLaurel Co.
Harold Dean Cornett Farm
36
Effects of Leaf Number and Harvest Date on Burley
Tobacco Quality Laurel Co. Harold Dean Cornett
Farm
Bloom Stage Harvest Date After Topping Bottom Grade/ Price Second Grade/ Price Third Grade/ Price Top Grade/ Price
10-25 3 weeks X1 2.02 C1 1.98 B2 1.97 T2 2.09
10-25 6 weeks X1 2.02 C1 1.98 B3 1.91 T2 2.09
75 3 weeks X1 2.02 C1 1.98 B1 2.01 T3 2.01
75 6 weeks X2 1.97 C1 1.98 B2 1.97 T4 1.91
37
Curing Conditions
38
Stripping Burley Tobacco into Grades
15.83
23.5
36.43
55.89
30.55
20.61
17.21
39
Market Preparation
  • Strip at appropriate moisture
  • No Fat Stems
  • Avoid over compaction in bales
  • Tighter bales will cause higher moisture reading

40
Additional Information
  • http//www.uky.edu/Ag/Tobacco
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