Perspectives on Socialization

1
Perspectives on Socialization

• Explain why socialization is needed if cultural
  and societal values are to be learned
• Analyze how people use others to learn about
  themselves

2
Functionalist Perspective

• Groups work together to create society
• Teach kids basics
• Norms
• Beliefs
• Values

3
Conflict Perspective

• People accept social status w/o challenging
  position
• Maintains advantage for rich
• Social
• Political
• Economic

4
Symbolic Interactionism

• Cooley Mead challenge belief human nature is
  biologically determined
• 5 Concepts
• The Self-concept
• Looking-glass self
• Significant others
• Role taking
• The generalized other

5
Self-Concept Cooley

• Image of yourself separate from others
• Kids see how others react
• Act bad for attention

6
Looking-glass self Cooley

• Image of yourself based on what others think
• Use others as mirror
• 3 stage process
• Imagine how we appear to others
• Imagine reaction of others to our appearance
• Evaluate ourselves on how others might judge

7
Significant others Mead

• People whos judgments are most important
• Youth Leaders
• Parents
• Teachers
• Siblings
• Peer Groups

8
Role Taking Mead

• See ourselves through eyes of others
• Internal conversations thoughts and emotions
• 3 Stages
• Imitation 1-2 years old imitates w/o
  understanding
• Play 3-4 years old take on roles of others
  (parents)
• Game several roles simultaneously
• Anticipate reaction of others based on social
  rules

9
The Generalized Other Mead

• Pleasing significant other understanding
  principle
• Integrated conception of norms, values and
  beliefs of society or community
• The Self
• ME vs. I me conforms to society/ I is true self
• I comes out during times of emotion,
  spontaneously

10
Process of Socialization

• Family
• School
• Peer Group
• Mass Media

11
Family

• Think Speak
• Internalize norms, beliefs values
• Form basic attitudes
• Develop intimate relationships
• Acquire self image

12
School

• Impersonal Relationships
• Rewards Punishments- performance
• Hidden Curriculum
• Discipline, conformity, order

13
Peer Group

• Based on age and interests
• Conflict, competition, cooperation
• Parents or Friends?

14
Mass Media

• TV, Radio, Newspaper, Internet
• Role Models- imitate
• 16 year old- 20,000 homicides

15
Critical Thinking Question

• Is TV a force used to maintain the status quo or
  toward change?
• Can the media keep racism alive or continue
  problems in society w/o need? Analyze the use of
  mass media and describe the affects both good and
  bad.

16
Process of Socialization

• Desocialization Resocialization

17
Symobolic Interactionism

• After childhood
• Desocialization
• Resocialization
• Anticipatory Socialization
• Reference Groups

18
Desocialization Resocialization

• Total Institutions
• Separates from rest of society
• Desocialization
• Give up old norms, values, attitudes
• Remove self-concept
• Resocialization
• New norms, values, attitudes
• New self-concept

19
Anticipatory Socialization

• Voluntary process of accepting new norms, values,
  attitudes
• Move from one stage to another in life
• Reference Groups