AGARD Short Course

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ALCOHOL AND THE NAVAL AVIATOR WHAT THE 12-HOUR
BOTTLE-TO-BRIEF RULE REALLY MEANS
SCOTT SHAPPELL, Ph.D. NAVAL SAFETY CENTER
Shappell 1997
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THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS
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HAIR CELLS The Tiny Accelerometer
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Acceleration versus Velocity
Semi-circular Canals
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BUILDING THE PERFECT ORIENTATION
DEVICE Components of the Vestibular System
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DONT FORGET THE COCONUT INPUT
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When Components Disagree...
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ALCOHOL AND THE VESTIBULAR SYSTEM AN EXAMPLE OF
SENSORY MISMATCH
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SO WHAT CAN WE DO?
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SO WHAT CAN WE DO?
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So how long does it take to clear your
endolymphatic fluid of alcohol?
36 hours
24 hours
6 hours
12 hours
48 hours
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A Practical Joke to play on your enemies...
POST-ALCOHOLIC NYSTAGMUS
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Simply relying on hangover effects like a
headache is not sufficient to determine if you
should not be flying.
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So how do you know when youre still suffering
from the side effects of alcohol? Heres some
home tests that may help!

• The Shappell Maneuver
• DUI Test

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IF YOU DONT HEED MY ADVICE...
Shappell 1997
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SENSORY THEORY OF MOTION SICKNESS
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• SIMULATOR SICKNESS
• Some pilots who rarely become ill in actual
  flight, report that they become motion sick in
  the simulator.
• Presumably, even though the visual cues
  accurately represent those which are normally
  encountered in actual flight, the vestibular cues
  are absent, hence a visual-vestibular mismatch
  exists.
• As expected, pilots with the most experience in
  the cockpit have the most difficulty with
  simulator sickness. For experienced pilots the
  absence of vestibular cues represents a greater
  mismatch compared with previous experience than
  would be the case for novice pilots.
• Curiously, experience in either the simulator or
  actual flight reduces sickness for that
  particular condition, but increases the
  probability of discomfort in the other condition.
  It appears that experience with a particular
  pattern of interaction provides a baseline of
  normal "expectations" so that any deviation then
  becomes a mismatch.

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CHEERS
Shappell 1997