Implementation of Collection Tree Protocol in QualNet

1
Implementation of Collection Tree Protocol in
QualNet

• Senthil Kumar Sevugan (42762375)
• Santhosh Rajathayalan (25764968)

2
Problem Statement

• To implement Collection Tree Protocol in QualNet
  Network Simulator and compare its performance
  with other well known Wireless Sensor Network
  routing protocol AODV (Ad Hoc On-demand Distance
  Vector routing protocol)

3
Introduction

• CTP is a tree based collection routing protocol
  that provides best effort, address free, any-cast
  datagram communication between source node and
  one of the root nodes in the Wireless Sensor
  Network.
• Each node in CTP chooses its next hop based on a
  routing gradient called Expected Transmission
  Value (ETX)

4
Introduction

• CTP uses Routing messages (beacons) for tree
  construction and link maintenance between nodes
  in WSN
• Data messages are used to report application data
  from various source nodes to the sink node.

5
Related Work

• CTP provides a stable code base for a robust,
  reliable collection routing and so it is used by
  researchers as a baseline against which new
  protocol mechanisms or designs are evaluated
• Ugo and Silvia Santini implemented CTP in the
  Castalia WSN simulator 3.0
• Omprakash and Rodrigo evaluated two features of
  wireless routing protocols Datapath Validation
  and Adaptive beaconing in CTP Noe

6
Contributions

• Literature review of CTP in WSN and its
  implementation in Castalia and OMNET simulators
• Senthil Kumar- Design and implementation of
  routing tables, packet structures, CTP
  message/data send function and packet
  routing/handling function.
• Santhosh- Implementation of CTP message/data
  receive function, statistics and finalize
  function. Run CTP simulations in QualNet and
  compare the performance with AODV

7
System Design and Implementation

• The Software modules are developed in C and
  tested in QualNet
• The standard implementation of CTP consists of
  three main logical software components the
  Routing Engine (RE), the Forwarding Engine (FE),
  and the Link Estimator (LE)
• Routing Engine is responsible for sending and
  receiving Beacons as well as creating and
  updating the routing table

8
System Design and Implementation

• Forwarding engine is responsible for forwarding
  data packets from application layer of the same
  node and also from neighboring nodes. It also
  detects and repairs routing loops
• LE takes care of determining the inbound and out
  bound quality of 1-Hop communication links as it
  computes it by collecting statistics over the
  number of successfully transmitted data packets

9
System Design and Implementation
10
Routing Table Data Structure

• RE Routing Table data structure
• typedef struct RE_table_row
• Address neighborid
• UInt8 neighborseq
• UInt32 outInterface
• UInt16 multietx
• clocktype lastupdated
• BOOL isParent
• CtpRERouteEntry

• LE Routing Table data structure
• typedef struct LE_table_row
• Address neighborid
• UInt8 neighborseq
• UInt32 outInterface
• UInt8 onehopetx
• clocktype lastupdated
• CtpLERouteEntry

11
Packet Data Structure

• Data Packet structure
• typedef struct
• UInt8 flagreserved
• UInt8 thl
• UInt16 multietx
• UInt32 origin
• UInt8 seq
• UInt8 collectId
• CtpDataPacket

• Routing Packet structure
• typedef struct
• UInt8 NEreserved
• UInt8 seq
• UInt8 PCreserved
• UInt32 parent
• UInt16 multietx
• CtpRoutingPacket

12
Evaluations

• Implementation of CTP was tested and evaluated in
  both Mobile WSN and Static WSN in QualNet
• CTP simulation scenarios varied on factors like
  the number of nodes in the WSN, distance between
  nodes and the application data transmitted from
  source to sink nodes
• CTP performance evaluation under various
  simulation scenario was based on Data Delivery
  Ratio, Control Traffic Overhead and Application
  Level Packet Latency

13
QualNet Simulator
14
Mobile Nodes in WSN
15
AODV Simulation Statistics
16
Conclusions

• In this project, details about the CTP was
  analyzed and implemented
• Understanding the functionalities of QualNet
  Network simulator and verifying the Collection
  Tree Protocol in WSN
• CTP performance comparison with AODV in WSN using
  simulation statistics
• As a future work, optimization features like Data
  path Validation and Adaptive beaconing can be
  added to the CTP implementation