ALLERGIC REACTIONS

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ALLERGIC REACTIONS
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• An exaggerated response of the immune system

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• Anaphylaxis
• Respiratory distress or signs/symptoms of
  shock
• Blood vessels dilate rapidly
• hypotension
• Airway swelling

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• Causes
• Insect
• Food
• shellfish, peanuts
• Plants
• Medications
• Latex

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• Reactions usually rapid but your patient can
  crash
• Signs and symptoms
• Itching
• Hives
• Flushing
• Swelling
• Warm tingling feeling in face, mouth, feet, chest
  and hands

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• Tightness in throat or chest
• Cough
• Rapid /or labored, noisy breathing
• Hoarseness, muffled voice or loss of voice
• Stridor
• Wheezing

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• Increased heart rate
• Decreased blood pressure
• Itchy, watery eyes
• Headache
• Runny nose
• Sense of impending doom

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• Anaphylactic shock
• AMS
• Flushed dry skin OR pale cool, clammy skin
• Nausea or vomiting
• Increase in pulse and respirations decrease in
  blood pressure

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• Care
• ABCs
• Epi-pen

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• Epinephrine Auto Injector
• Epinephrine is a hormone produced by the body
• A Catecholamine Catecholamines are
  water-soluble and are 50 bound to plasma
  proteins, so they circulate in the bloodstream.
• Acts on both Alpha and Beta-adrenergic receptors
• a1-adrenoceptor vasoconstriction, so that blood
  is shunted to the body's core, and the
  ß1-adrenoceptor response which is increased
  cardiac rate and output (the speed and
  pronouncement of heart beats).
• Also acts a bronchodilater

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• Administering
• 0.3 mg
• Definitive anaphylaxis
• Remove the cap
• Place firmly against thigh midway between waist
  and knee
• Reassess in two minutes

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