Let

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Unit Three Deaf Community!

• Lets learn about the history of the Deaf!

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Remember these important facts

• American Sign Language is most similar to French
  Sign Language, as we all learned.
• Deaf people prefer to be called Deaf not
  hearing impaired or any other word.
• The best and most effective way to communicate
  with a Deaf person is to use sign language (ASL)
  or an interpreter.
• If you dont know ASL, use fingerspelling. It
  should only be used as a back up to ASL.

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Laurent Clerc

• A founder of the education for the Deaf in United
  States
• A mentor and a teacher.
• He came from France (born there)
• Founded American School for the Deaf with someone
  else, guess who?

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About Laurent Clerc

• He was believed to became Deaf due to the
  accident with the fireplace. He fell from the
  chair into the fireplace, suffered a head injury
  and a permanent scar on his right face, hence the
  name sign (show the class)
• He also lost his ability to smell as well.
• Attended the Institute of the Deaf and Mutes in
  France under the guidance of Abbe Charles-Michel
  de Ieppe

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Thomas H. Gallaudet

• NOT the founder of Gallaudet.
• A hearing teacher
• He looked for a language.
• He traveled with Alice Cogswell.
• Laurent Clerc met this man in London in 1816.
• Together, they traveled back to America.

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After Gallaudet and Clercs first meeting

• 1817 Founded the Connecticut Asylum for the
  Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb
• Later, it is changed to American School for the
  Deaf.
• The school opened on April 15, 1817.
• Clerc brought French Sign Language with him to
  America.

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Questions for you to answer

• 1. Who was Thomas H. Gallaudet?
• 2. How did Thomas realize that Alice is Deaf?
• 3. Which country did Thomas visited first?
• 4. Why didnt Thomas liked the school for the
  Deaf in England?
• 5. Who did Thomas met in France?
• 6. Who was Laurent Clerc?
• 7. What is the name of the school that Thomas and
  Clerc establish?
• 8. What year and where was the school founded?

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Fast Forward to years and years later
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Edward Miner Gallaudet

• Founder of Gallaudet University.
• Son of Thomas H. Gallaudet
• Had a job in Connecticut, but quit and became the
  president at Columbia Institution (later became
  Gallaudet University) for 46 years.

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Abraham Lincoln

• 16th president of the United States
• VERY supportive of the education for the Deaf
• 1864 Signed a charter to start the first college
  for the Deaf in the world.
• It was first named National Deaf-Mute College,
  before name changes all over the years to
  Gallaudet University.

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The Lincoln Memorial Statue Story!

• Many people believe that Abraham Lincoln actually
  had the letters A and L fingerspelled while
  taking the picture. What do you think?

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Questions for you to answer

• 1. Who was Abraham Lincoln?
• 2. What did Lincoln do in 1864?
• 3. Who was Edward Miner Gallaudet?
• 4. What is the name of university that E.M.
  Gallaudet founded?
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.
• 8.

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Entering the Dark times of the Deaf community.
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Alexander Graham Bell (AGB)

• Creator of the first-ever telephone
• Started a school in Boston to train the teachers
  of the Deaf how to use oral method.
• He tried to destroy the lives of Deaf people.
• Established what is now called AGB Association
  for the Deaf in 1890.

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Alexander Graham Bell said this.

• Deaf people SHOULDNT MARRY other deaf people
  because it will MESS UP THEIR GENES!
• What do you think?

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Questions for you to answer

• 1. Who was Alexander Graham Bell (AGB?)
• 2. Why didnt AGB want Deaf people to marry each
  other?
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.
• 8.

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The Milan Convention (1880)

• The conference that changed everything.
• The International Congress on the Education for
  the Deaf met in Milan, Italy to discuss issues
  related to education for the Deaf.
• However, after the conference.

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The Milan Convention Aftermath

• NO signing allowed in schools ANYWHERE!
• Deaf teachers LOST their jobs
• National Association of the Deaf gained more
  supporters as Deaf community fought to save sign
  language and the culture.
• The president of Gallaudet College decided to
  keep sign language in Gallaudet campus, and it
  may be the reason why sign language survived the
  worst moment.

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Very important information!

• ASL and the culture are passed on from generation
  to generation through residential schools and
  Deaf adults.
• Deaf people keep each other informed through
  social events and activities such as Deaf clubs,
  churches, picnics and sports games.
• Name signs are only earned by a Deaf person.

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Questions for you to answer

• 1. What was the reason for the 1880 Milan
  convention?
• 2. What happened after the Milan Convention?
• 3. What do NAD stand for?
• 4. How do Deaf people keep each other informed?
• 5. How is ASL and Deaf culture passed on through?
• 6. Who can only give you name signs?
• 7.
• 8.

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To be continued.