Revolution

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Revolution

• Chapter 7 The War Officially Begins. (Finally)

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Goals chapter 7

• Compare and contrast the British and American
  forces at the start of the Revolution
• Identify the main reasons that the Continental
  Army was able to defeat the British
• Identify major turning points battles and
  explain their significance
• Identify certain figures and discuss their
  importance to either side during the war
• Label a map of North America after the Treaty of
  Paris was signed and explain the significance of
  the treaty

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Word Wall Words

• Mercenaries
• Hessians
• Strategy
• Ally
• Beheld
• Fumed
• Maneuvering
• Guerrillas
• Solemn

• Rabble
• Contemptible
• Treaty
• Liberty Pole

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Advantages

• British
• More soldiers
• Recruited loyalist, African Americans, and Native
  Americans
• Well trained and supplied soldiers

• Patriots
• Patriotism
• Help from other countries
• Strong Commander

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Disadvantages

• American
• Lack of numbers
• Poorly trained militia
• Shortages in gunpowder, food, shoes, bandages,
  etc.

• British
• Large distance to supply troops
• People not convinced of the need for war
• Poor leadership

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Question 1

• Which of the following was NOT an advantage for
  the British?
• More men
• Better trained
• Patriotism
• Well supplied

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Raising the troops

• Continental Army never more than 20,000 troops
  at one place or time
• Broad variety
• Prohibited African slave soldiers
• Lord Dunmores Proclamation
• Iroquois fought with British

• British had 50,000 30,000 mercenaries called
  the Hessians
• British have high quality muskets and weapons
• Some Americans had spears and axes

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Question 2

• Who was not allowed to fight for the colonies?
• Puritans
• Indentured servants
• Native Americans
• Slaves

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Question 3

• What are Mercenaries?
• British citizens
• Hired soldiers
• Loyalist soldiers
• French soldiers

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7.4 Britain almost wins the war

• Lord George Germain targets New York City
• Choke out rebellion in Mass.
• D.O.I. spurs the Continentals to N.Y.C.
• August 27th 1776 Battle of New York
• British 377 Americans 1407
• Retreat followed by looting
• Harsh defeats, Howes mistake, condition of
  soldiers

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Question 4

• Who was in charge of the British in New York?
• George Washington
• King George III
• General Howe
• Nathaniel Greene

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Question 5

• What happened at the Battle of New York?
• Howe was forced to retreat by boat
• Washington was forced to retreat across the
  Delaware River
• Howe chased Washington down and finished the war
• Washington surrendered

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New Hopes

• Howe left New Jersey in Hessian control
• December 25th,1776 2,400 soldiers crossed the
  Delaware River
• Battle Trenton 868 Hessian prisoners to 5
  casualties
• Battle of Princeton Washington defeats Clinton
  on January 3rd 1777

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Question 6

• When did the Battle of Trenton take place?
• Christmas night 1776
• Christmas Eve 1776
• Thanksgiving 1776
• New Years Eve 1776

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Question 7

• Who did Washington surprise at Trenton?
• Howe
• Germain
• Hessians
• His wife

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JigSaw Guidlines

• Everyone gets a home group. This is the group
  you will report back to share with.
• In the home group, everyone will get a number
  that determines their expert group. This is the
  group you will study with to find answers to
  questions and summarize the source
• In class

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Weapons and Tactics Questions

• What modern day gun would the musket in the
  Revolution compare to?
• What were the two types of muskets used?
• What do you think the word fouling means?
• What were two purposes of the bayonet?
• How many foot soldiers did one calvarymen equal?
• Describe the steps needed to fire a musket

• How fast could a musket be fired? A rifle?
• Why did men fire volleys?
• Why was organization so important to bayonet
  charges?
• What is the range of a cannon? What did it fire?
• What myth is there about American fighting
  techniques during the war?
• Why was Von Stueben so important to the tactics
  of the Americans?

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American Athenas Questions

1. What role did women play in colonial society?
2. What jobs did women hold while their husbands
   went to fight the war?
3. How did women protest British goods?
4. Describe three women who actually fought on the
   battlefield?
5. Who was Lydia Darragh and what role did she play
   in the war?
6. What were three outcomes for women after the war?

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7.6 The Tide Begins to Turn

• Cut off New England from the rest of the colonies
• Washingtons choice of a defensive war
• Problems with Burgoynes plan
• SaratogaGates crushes Burgoyne on October 17,
  1777
• French become an official ally

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Valley Forge and the Battle of Monmouth

• Low on supplies during the winter of 1777-1778
• 1/3 of the soldiers were hungry and poorly
  clothed
• Need for uniform tactics and commands
• Von Steuben trains in Feb. 1778
• Rapid improvement
• Battle of Monmouth June 28th 1778 American
  victory that ended fighting in the north

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War in the South

• After Saratoga, British focused on southern
  colonies (Charles Cornwallis in command)
• The south was believed to be a loyalist strong
  hold
• Henry Clinton travels from New York to help the
  British in the south
• Swamp Fox guerilla warfare
• Battle of Cowpens January 17th,1781 won by Daniel
  Morgan
• Made him chase him to tire him out
• Cornwallis forced to rest and re-supply at
  Yorktown Cornwallis burned supplies to speed his
  army up
• April 1781, Cornwallis moves his army to Yorktown
  to rest

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Victory at Yorktown

• Cornwallis set to attack Lafayette, Von Steuben
  and Anthony Wayne
• French assistance from Rochambeau
• Sept. 1781, surround Cornwallis thanks to French
  Navy
• Siege on Yorktown, October 19, 1781 Cornwallis
  surrenders
• British people lose the will to fight

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Treaty of Paris 1783

• British recognition of U.S.
• New U.S. borders
• Florida to Spain in a separate treaty
• British retained Canada
• Spanish retained Louisiana
• America would return all loyalist possessions
  taken during the war
• Revolution in France and in Haiti

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End of the War