The Acute Phase Response

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BBS3027 2000 Infectious Diseases
Dr Garwin Sing garwinS_at_qimr.edu.au http//trishu
l.sci.gu.edu.au/courses/bbs3027/
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Gut Mucosa
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Gut Mucosa
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Mucosal Epithelium
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Epithelial Barriers to Microbial Infection
Physical

• Epithelial cells joined by tight junctions
• Exfoliation of surface cells
• Mucous flow by ciliated epithelia (respiratory
  tract)

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Epithelial Barriers to Microbial Infection
Chemical

• Enzymes Lysozyme (tears, saliva, sweat)
  Pepsin (stomach)
• pH Fatty Acids/amino acids (skin) Gastric
  acids (stomach)
• Antimicrobial Transferrin (mucus)

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Epithelial Barriers to Microbial Infection
Competition

• Gut Flora

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Protection from Infectious Agents

• Innate Immunity Fever, interferon,
  neutrophils, macrophages, NK
  cells
• Adaptive Immunity B cells, T cells

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Congenital Infections
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Anatomy Physiology Immunity Commensals
Viruses Bacteria Fungi Parasites
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Sources of Infection Exogenous

• Inhalation Common cold, flu, Legionnaires
  Disease, Coccidioidomycosis
• Ingestion Typhoid fever, tapeworm,
• cryptosporidium, Hepatitis A
• STD Gonorrhea, HIV
• Wound Tetanus, Rabies
• Insect Bite Malaria, Yellow Fever, Dengue

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Sources of Infection Endogenous

• Gut e.g E coli
• Skin e.g. staphylococcus
• Tonsils
• Throat e.g streptococcus
• Blood e.g. EBV
• Lungs e.g Candida, CMV, streptococcus