Introduction to Reporting And Graphing Scientific Data

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Introduction to Reporting And Graphing Scientific
Data
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1) What are variables?

• Anything that can change or vary in a science
  experiment.
• 2) Studies, grades
• 3) Times, training
• 4) mass, damage

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5) INDEPENDENT Variables (IV)

• 6) DEPENDENT Variables (DV)
• 2 Studies (IV), grades(DV)
• 3 Times(DV), training(IV)
• 4 mass(IV), damage(DV)
• 7) do NOT have a relationship.

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8) Controlled

• 9) 2 attitude, environment, distraction
• 3 weather, shoes, track
• 4 how fast, surface area, seatbelt

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10) The experimental control is

• a standard of comparison.
• It used in scientific experiments to prevent
  factors other than those being studied from
  affecting the outcome.

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Experiment 1 Graphing

1. Y-axis
2. Y-axis
3. Dependent variable (DV)
4. Dependent variable (DV)
5. Independent variable (IV)
6. Independent variable (IV)
7. X-axis 8. X-axis

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9) Scientific data (points)

• 10) Line of best fit (best-fit-line)
• 11) Display the relationship between the
  independent and dependent variable.
• Or show the trend in the data

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Data Tables

• a) IV
• b)DV

Complete example 1
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Graphing Data page 5

1. ½ 1 line spread of values number of
   lines
2. NOT DO
3. 5th
4. Zero, zero
5. Example 1 graph the following data on the graph
   on page 6/5.

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DV

• IV

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LINE of BEST FIT (LOBF)

1. Do NOT connect the dots!
2. Place your CPROS on the first the last data
   points.
3. Determine if the LOBF is straight or curved.
4. There should be the same number of data points
   above or below the line.
5. Some points might be on the line but rarely will
   all of the points be on a LOBF.
6. Lets practice complete page 7

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Calculating Slope pg 8

• 1. What is slope?
• Position in miles
• Time in hours
• Constant speed
• 2. Slope rise/run
• 1) 10/5 2
• 2) yes, because the 5/2.5 2

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3. Calculating slope using the equation.

1. Slope y2 - y1 / x2 - x1 so 50-20 / 2-0
   30/2 15
2. y-intercept 20
3. y 15x 20
4. y 15(3 hrs) 20 65
5. YES, the students can earn 620 ( 5hrs x 8 days
   40 hrs)

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4. Practice calculating the slope

1. 60- 0 / 6-0 10
2. y-intercept 0
3. y 10x

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Interpreting Graphs pg12

• What is the title?
• 1. Car Washing Moolah
• 2. IV hours of washing
• DV amount of money
• What are the steps for making your own graphs?

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• 5) Dollars
• 6) Data not spread out
• 7) YES
• 8) Direct relationship
• 9) 75 x 5 hr X 3 days 1125

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Steps for a Line of Best Fit graph (LOBF). Page 5

1. Identify your IV DV.
2. Determine range for data.
3. Scale each axis according to the range.
4. Label each axis with name and unit.
5. Plot data points.
6. Draw LOBF for the data.
7. Title your graph

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Interpreting a Bar Graph

1. Teen Workers
2. Cities, boys girls employed
3. vary from city to city
4. of boys to girls employeed are different
5. ANY
6. ANY

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Interpreting a Pie Graph

1. Teenagers Job
2. Types of jobs held by teens.
3. No
4. Retail hires more teens, service/other hires the
   least, etc.
5. Answers will vary
6. Answers will vary

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Lab Report Format

• Purpose/Problem
• Why are we doing the lab?
• What questions are you trying to answer?
• This includes an independent and a dependent
  variable

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 Hypothesis What do you expect the results to
be? This should relate directly to the
problem This includes an independent and a
dependent variable
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Materials List of all the Materials you will
use during the lab 

• Background Information Usually provided by the
  teacher Information that is necessary to make
  an educated guess Procedure Steps should be
  listed and numbered Steps should be clearly
  written, detailed, and brief It must indicate
  HOW data will be taken This should include a
  control group an experimental group Be sure
  this is controlled This should answer the
  question posed in the purpose/problem.

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Data Must be in the form of a table or a
sketch (determined by the procedure) Be sure
to label sketches and/or use units Data
should match the data collection outlined in the
procedure Analysis A graph may be
needed What type of graph? Use a line graph
if the data is not continuous (example the
height of individual trees)Use a bar graph is
the data is related(growth of a single tree over
a period of time) Conclusion A good
conclusion answers 3 questions  What did
you do in the lab? Restate the
purpose/problem A brief description of how
you tested it What you used to gather
data What does your data say?Look at your
data table or sketch and turn it into a sentence
or two. Be sure to include both the control
experimental groups. What did you learn?