Cherokee removal

1
Cherokee removal
2
Sequoyah

• Real name was George Gist
• Crippled from a young age
• Impressed with written language of the White
  settlers, which he called talking leaves
• Created a syllabary (group of symbols that stand
  for syllables)

• His written language showed that the Cherokee
  could communicate with each other without using
  the whites written language

3
Joseph Vann

• Son of James Vann, who brought Moravian
  missionaries to the Cherokee to educate his
  people
• His home included a 2-story brick mansion, 42
  cabins, 6 barns, 5 smokehouses, a gristmill, a
  blacksmith, a foundry, a trading post, and a
  still
• He was one of the first Cherokee males to inherit
  a majority of his fathers wealth

4
Worcester v. Georgia

• In 1830, a law was passed that required all white
  people living among the Cherokee to sign an oath
  to the governor of GA
• 11 missionaries, including Samuel Worcester,
  refused and were arrested, tried, and sentenced
  to 4 years in jail
• Governor gave them a pardon if they would take an
  oath to be loyal to the state, all but 2
  (Worcester and Elizur Butler) agreed.

5
Worcester v. Georgia

• The missionaries took their case to the U.S.
  Supreme Court
• Chief Justice John Marshall ruled in their favor,
  but Georgia refused to honor the Supreme Courts
  decision
• Worcester and Butler eventually gave up, signed
  the oath, and were pardoned

6
Land Lottery

• In 1832, Georgia divided the Cherokee land into
  lots and lotteried them to white settlers
• Cherokees still refused to leave their land

7
Andrew Jackson

• In 1828, he was elected Pres. of U.S.
• Jackson refused to honor any of the Supreme Court
  rulings that protected the rights of the
  Cherokees
• He said, John Marshall has rendered his
  decision, now let him enforce it!

8
John Ross

• 1/8 Cherokee
• Inherited his fathers trading business and
  increased it making him very wealthy
• First and only elected chief of the Cherokee
  Nation
• Tried to petition Congress and the courts to stop
  the removal but was unsuccessful

9
Failed Attempts

• The Cherokee had tried to live like the White
  settlers
• Built the capital city of New Echota
• Had a three branch government like U.S.
• Adopted a constitution
• Lived in log cabins
• Published a newspaper the Cherokee Phoenix
• Fought with the U.S. army in the Creek Wars
• Still their rights were taken

10
Trail of Tears

• In 1835, Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias
  Boudinot (editor of the Cherokee Phoenix) signed
  a treaty that said all of the Cherokees would
  move west to the Indian territory and give up all
  of their land to Georgia
• Six months after they arrived in the
• territory, these three men were killed
• for breaking tribal law by giving away
• the land without the permission of the tribe

11
Trail of Tears

• In 1838, General Winfield Scott and 7,000 troops
  forcibly moved the Cherokees into stockadesmany
  died from disease
• A few escaped to the North Carolina mountains
• They were next walked 700-800
• miles through winter winds and snows
• to the western territory with little food
• About 4,000 men, women, and
• children died