Atomic Model, Quarks and Masses

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Atomic Model, Quarks and Masses

• Monroe, December 18, 2007

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Democrituss Uncuttable Atom (atomos)
He said the atom was a piece of matter so small
that it could not be cut up any more.
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John Thomson said the atom was a small particle,
that had very small, electrically charged,
particles embedded in it.
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Rutherford said atom was a positive nucleus,
surrounded by small electrical charges. Did not
think about fixed positions.
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Bohr figured out that there were electrons in
fixed orbits surrounding the positive charges in
the nucleus
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Max Planck, came up with theories of quantum,
that says that the electrons are in cloud
(everywhere at once), with very specific energy
levels. This IS the modern theory.
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But What Are Protons and Neutrons Made Of?
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Quarks are the particles that make up the protons
and neutrons. This was discovered by Murray
Gell-Mann and George Zweig (1964)
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Flavor Electric Charge u up 2/3 d down
-1/3 c charm 2/3 s strange -1/3 t
top 2/3 b bottom -1/3
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