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Splash Screen
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Chapter Menu
Introduction Section 1 The Land Section
2Climate and Vegetation Visual Summary
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Chapter Intro 1
A study of the physical geography of South Asia
will explain the contrasts between the northern
and southern areas of the region and how South
Asias large populations depend upon the seasonal
monsoon rains that sometimes bring devastating
consequences.
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Chapter Intro 2
Section 1 The Land
Places reflect the relationship between humans
and the physical environment. In South Asias
varied landscapes, large numbers of people depend
on the regions physical environment, river
systems, and natural resources for their
livelihoods.
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Chapter Intro 3
Section 2 Climate and Vegetation
The characteristics and distribution of
ecosystems help people understand environmental
issues. Seasonal winds in South Asia strongly
influence temperature and rainfall, which affect
what crops people grow and how people and the
environment are affected by too much or too
little rain.
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Chapter Preview-End
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Section 1-GTR
The Land
In South Asias varied landscapes, large numbers
of people depend on the regions physical
environment, river systems, and natural resources
for their livelihoods.
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Section 1-GTR
The Land

• subcontinent

• alluvial plain

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Section 1-GTR
The Land
A. Himalaya
B. Khyber Pass
C. Gangetic Plain
D. Vindhya
E. Satpura Range
F. Deccan Plateau
G. Ganges River
H. Brahmaputra River
I. Indus River
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Section 1
The Land
Which mountain range absorbs the monsoon rains
and slowly releases them into the
region? A. Eastern Ghats B. Western
Ghats C. Himalayas D. Vindhya Range

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 1
Landforms
South Asias landforms affect where people live
and influence seasonal rain patterns.

• Northern landforms

• Himalaya Mountains
• Karakoram Mountains
• Hindu Kush range
• Khyber Pass

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Section 1
Landforms (cont.)

• Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra rivers

• Gangetic Plain
• Chota Nagpur Plateau

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Section 1
Landforms (cont.)

• Central and Southern landforms

• Eastern and Western Ghats
• Deccan Plateau
• Sri Lanka
• Maldives

South Asia Elevation Profile
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Section 1
South Asia is separated from the rest of Asia by
which of the following? A. Rivers
B. Mountains C. Dense forests D. An ocean

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 1
Water Systems
South Asias major river systems bring fertile
soil to the floodplains, serve as transportation
routes, and provide hydroelectricity.

• Three major river systems

• Gangesmost important river in South Asia
• Brahmaputra
• Indus

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Section 1
Which river is known as the cradle of ancient
India? A. Ganges B. Brahmaputra C. Indus

1. A
2. B
3. C

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Section 1
Natural Resources
South Asia has a variety of natural resources
upon which large populations are dependent for
their livelihoods.

• Rivers

• Drinking water
• Alluvial soil
• Transportation

• Hydroelectric power
• Fish

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Section 1
Natural Resources (cont.)

• Mineral resources, such as iron ore and graphite

• Energy sources, such as petroleum, natural gas
• Timber resources, such as sandalwood and teak

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Section 1
Which country is the worlds largest producer of
graphite? A. Sri Lanka B. Pakistan C. Bangladesh D
. India

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 1-End
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Section 2-GTR
Climate and Vegetation
Seasonal winds in South Asia strongly influence
temperature and rainfall, which affect what crops
people grow and how people and the environment
are affected by too much or too little rain.
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Section 2-GTR
Climate and Vegetation

• monsoon

• tsunami

• cyclone

• period

• triggers

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Section 2-GTR
Climate and Vegetation
A. Bay of Bengal
B. Sundarbans
C. Thar Desert
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Section 2
Climate and Vegetation
Most of Asia experiences which type of
climate? A. Tropical B. Highland C. Midlatitude D.
Dry

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 2
Climate Regions
Much of South Asia has tropical climates with
ample rainfall and a variety of vegetation
however, the climates vary widely in the north
and west, where mountain ranges block rainfall.

• Tropical regions
• Tropical wet
• Tropical dry

South Asia Vegetation
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Section 2
Climate Regions (cont.)

• Midlatitude and highland regions

• Mixed forest
• Deciduous forest
• Humid subtropical
• Himalayan highlands

• Dry regions

• DesertThar Desert
• Steppe

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Section 2
Does much of South Asia lie south or north of the
Tropic of Cancer? A. South B. North

1. A
2. B

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Section 2
Seasonal Weather Patterns
Seasonal weather patterns bring much-needed
rainfall to South Asia, but monsoon winds, as
well as other natural disasters, can also bring
devastating hardships.

• Three distinct seasons
• Hot
• Wet
• Cool

Comparing Climates
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Section 2
Seasonal Weather Patterns (cont.)

• These seasons depend on seasonal winds called
  monsoons.

• Temperature and rainfall impact agriculture in
  the region.
• Factors

• Extreme heat
• Monsoon winds

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Section 2
Seasonal Weather Patterns (cont.)

• Natural disasters

• Flooding from monsoon rains
• Cyclones
• Earthquakes
• Tsunamis

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Section 2
The monsoons are heaviest in which part of South
Asia? A. Eastern B. Western C. Northern D. Souther
n

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

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Section 2-End
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VS 1

• A. The Himalaya
• Created by collision of tectonic plates extend
  more than 1,500 miles (2,414 km) across northern
  edge of South Asia
• Includes Mount Everest, the worlds highest peak
  at 29,028 feet (8,848 m)

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VS 2
B. Gangetic Plain Worlds longest alluvial
plain Watered by the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and
Indus Rivers agriculturally productive
area Indias most densely populated area
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VS 3
C. Vindhya and Satpura Ranges Mountains in
central India created by collision of tectonic
plates Separate the distinct cultures of
northern and southern India
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VS 4
D. Indus River Flows mainly through Pakistan
empties into Arabian Sea Known as the cradle of
ancient India Remains an important
transportation route
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VS 5
E. Deccan Plateau Plateau region in southern
India located between Western Ghats and Eastern
Ghats Rich soil with wet and dry seasons
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VS 6
F. Ganges River Flows east from the Himalaya
empties into Bay of Bengal Drainage basin
covers about 400,000 square miles (about 1
million sq. km) Named for Hindu goddess Ganga
sacred to Hindus
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VS 7
G. Brahmaputra River Flows through India and
Bangladesh Joins the Ganges river to form a
delta empties into Bay of Bengal Major inland
waterway also provides hydroelectric power
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VS 8
H. Monsoons Hot season is from late February
to June Wet season is from June or July to
September Cool season is from October to late
February
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VS-End
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Figure 1
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Figure 2
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Figure 3
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DFS Trans 1
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DFS Trans 2
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Vocab1
subcontinent large landmass that is part of a
continent but still distinct from it, such as
India
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Vocab2
alluvial plain floodplain, such as the Gangetic
Plain in South Asia, on which flooding rivers
have deposited rich soil
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Vocab3
monsoon in Asia, seasonal wind that brings warm,
moist air from the oceans in summer and cold, dry
air from inland in winter
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Vocab4
cyclone storm with heavy rains and high winds
which blow in a circular pattern around an area
of low atmospheric pressure
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Vocab5
tsunami Japanese term used for a huge sea wave
caused by an undersea earthquake
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