Politics in S

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• Politics in São Paulo

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Montage of City Views
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São Paulo High Rise Built Environment

• Founded by the Jesuits in 1554
• Evolved into a wealthy city at the end of the
  19th century became -
• Coffee plantations in surrounding areas highly
  productive
• industrial and financial center of Brazil
  generating over 30 of the GNP.

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Preifeitura de São Paulo

• Sao Paulo the largest city in South America
• Population of the municipio - 10 million
• Metropolitan area population (18 million)
• City surrounded by squatter settlements
• Sits on a high plateau close to the Atlantic Coast

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Built Environment Political Subdivisions

• Subdivisions of City

• Sao Paulo (urban built environment)

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Affluent and Favelados live side by side
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São Paulo Economic Engine of South America

• GDP of municipio 260 billion dollars in 2006.
• Seat of Brazils stock exchange
• More manufacturing than any other Brazilian city
  in South America
• Center of advanced technology

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Bovespa Holding Sao Paulo

• On May 8, 2008, Bovespa Holding announced the
  merger of the São Paulo Stock Exchange (Bovespa)
  and the Brazilian Mercantile and Futures Exchange
  (BMF), creating the world's third largest stock
  exchange.4

• Chicago's CME Group owns an approximate 5 stake
  in BMF Bovespa, and in turn, BMF owns a 1.7
  stake in CME Group.

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Local Government in São Paulo

• São Paulo municipio is governed by a mayor and
  city council.
• Mayoral and council elections alternate at
  two-year intervals
• mayor and council members each serving four-year
  terms.
• The city is the seat of the state government.
• Many national government agencies have offices in
  São Paulo
• consulates representing countries in all parts of
  the world are located there.

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Metropolitan São Paulopolitical dimension

• São Paulo influences politics throughout Brazil
• Recruitment of national leaders
• Money
• Technical expertise
• Mayor of São Paulo
• Player on national political stage
• Rivalry with state governor

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2003 election for Prefect (mayor)High Stakes
Municipal Politics

• São Paulo mayoral race held significance for the
  2006 presidential race
• PSDB candidate Jose Serra wanted a second crack
  at the presidency
• Prefect Marta Suplicy
• PT party of Lula (President of Brazil)
• identified with interests of the urban poor

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Election for Prefeito (2004) The Incumbent

• Marta Suplicy

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Marta Suplicy Curriculum

• Most high profile female elected female office
  holder of Workers Party (PT)
• Spouse a prominent senator
• Political career championed the urban poor
• Committed to improving quality of life in the
  favelas
• International profile

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Marta SuplicyAccomplishments

• Tamed São Paulos urban bus mafia
• Created numerous preschools for poor children

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Controversy Surrounding Marta

• Traditionalists call her an ill-brought up
  hussy
• Ties to USA
• Professional career as sexologist rankles the
  church

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Marta SuplicyOther Liabilities

• Divorcing long term spouse of husband for a
  trophy husband
• Publicity chief arrested at an illegal cockfight
• Electoral Consequences down 10 points in polls
  going into final month of campaign

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Jose Serra

• The Challenger

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Electoral Issues 2003 Race for Prefeito Sao
Paulo

• Transportation
• Political disorganization
• Crime public safety
• Education
• Energy crisis
• Poverty unemployment

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Transportation

• Construction of new freeways/traffic arteries
  cannot keep up with the proliferation of motor
  vehicles,
• There are few maps of the citys underground
  infrastructure
• work gangs often drill into gas, sewage, water
  and power lines
• leakage of poisonous gases, explosions and
  flooding

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Political Disorganization

• São Paulos rapid growth
• Exacerbated by confused and overlapping political
  jurisdiction
• Metropolitan area almost ungovernable
• Civil society in the metropolitan area is
  fragmented and weak .

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Administrative Disorganization

• Maze of superimposed administrative districts
  blur lines of responsibility.
• Strained the capacity of its government
  institutions to deliver services efficiently

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Crime and Public Safety

• failures are in public security most severe in
  areas where state authorities have exclusive or
  dominant responsibilities
• poor supervision of these bureaucracies as they
  operate in the metropolitan area
• Low morale
• pay is low
• training is poor
• turnover high
• performance-related incentives missing from daily
  routines

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Violent crime a serious problem

• Population of metro São Paulo increased by
  one-third between 1985-99
• Number of homicides rose by 144.
• Most of the 11,460 homicides recorded in Greater
  São Paulo (in 1999) arose from trivial disputes

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Quality of Public Education

• Most of its 10.7 million residents of the city
  (between the ages of 5 and 39) are engaged in
  some kind of classroom activity
• Either as students or teachers
• Municipality of São Paulo alone operates more
  than 800 kindergartens and primary schools with
  some 800,000 pupils.

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Public Education State within the Prefeitura

• The state government of São Paulo runs its own
  parallel system
• Embraces another 900,000 pupils in primary
  instruction and some 500,000 in secondary
  education, within the Municipality of São Paulo
• Focus on marginalized children
• Of the 4.1 million students in primary and
  secondary education in Greater São Paulo, less
  than 14 are in private schools
• Building of public schools in the favelas
  expanded enormously
• Poses collossal management problems

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Energy

• Offshore hydrocarbon reserves found/exploited
• Petroleum provides 43 percent
• Natural gas 7.6 percent
• Diversified scheme already in place
• 41 percent of Brazil's energy sources are
  renewable
• 14 percent is hydro
• 27 percent is biomass, with sugarcane growing
  fast

• Nuclear technology (seven plants) a means to
  reduce energy shortages?
• Controlled by national government

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Brazil's Ruling Party (PT) Loses the São Paulo
Mayoralty

• Marta Suplicy
• Workers' Party (PT)
• 45 of total vote

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Government in São Paulo

• São Paulo is governed by a mayor and city
  council.
• Mayoral and council elections alternate at
  two-year intervals
• mayor and council members each serving four-year
  terms.
• The city is the seat of the state government.
• Many national government agencies have offices in
  São Paulo
• consulates representing countries in all parts of
  the world are located there.

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Candidate of middle class defeats candidate of
Workers Party

• Jose Serra Sworn in as Mayor of São Paulo

• Serra - the Social Democratic Party (PSDB) - 55
  percent of the vote
• On March 31, 2006, Serra announced his candidacy
  for governor of São Paulo.

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Gilberto Kassab

• Liberal Front Party (Partido da Frente Liberal
• Elected on ticket with Jose Serra
• Served until 2008 election
• Confirms alliance of right and center-right
  political parties

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2008 Election for Prefeito de São Paulo

• Kassab wins
• Implications for 2010 presidential race
• Serra strengthened in quest for PSDB presidential
  nomination
• PT retained presidency
• PT determined to neutralize opposition strength
  deriving from control of the prefeitura of São
  Paulo

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Jose Sérra Governor of Sao Paulo State
Presidential Candidate

• Leader of the Party of Brazilian Social Democracy
  (PSDB)
• Former governor of São Paulo state
• Former Mayor of São Paulo
• Defeated twice in Brazilian Presidential
  elections (2002 and 2010)

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São Paulo Election for Mayor 2012

• First Run-off Vote
• Celso Russomanno of Brazilian Republican Party
  (PRB) defeated
• Fernando Haddad of the Workers Party (PT)
• Jose Sérra of the Party of Brazilian Social
  Democracy (PSDB)

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2012 Election for Prefeito de São Paulo (Second
Round)

• Jose Serra PSDB (again)
• Most voted candidate in First Round
• Defeated in Round 2 (46)

• Fernando Haddad (PT)
• Minister of Education in PT government
• Wins in Round 2
• (54)