U10 Pt Procedures

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U10 Pt Procedures Vital Signs
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Patient Procedures

• ALWAYS BEGIN TESTS/PROCDURES WITH THE
• 6 Rules of PATIENT PROCEDURES

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Patient Procedures6 rules

• Introduce yourself

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Patient Procedures

• Introduce yourself
• Identify the pt.--Make sure you are with the
  correct pt

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Patient Procedures

• Introduce yourself
• Identify the pt.--Make sure you are with the
  correct pt
• Explain the procedure to the pt

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Patient Procedures

• Introduce yourself
• Identify the pt.--Make sure you are with the
  correct pt
• Explain the procedure to the pt
• Explain to the pt that if they feel
  uncomfortable/pain at any time, they are to tell
  you and that you will stop the procedure.

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Patient Procedures

• Introduce yourself
• Make sure you are with the correct pt
• Explain the procedure to the pt
• Explain to the pt that if they feel
  uncomfortable/pain at any time, they are to tell
  you and that you will stop the procedure.
• Ask the pt if they understand or if they have any
  questions

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Patient Procedures

• Introduce yourself
• Make sure you are with the correct pt
• Explain the procedure to the pt
• Explain to the pt that if they feel
  uncomfortable/pain at any time, they are to tell
  you and that you will stop the procedure
• Ask the pt if they understand or if they have any
  questions
• Record Results

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Vital Signs

• Tests/procedures that are indicators of internal
  homeostasis (homeostasis is the maintaining of a
  constant internal environmentbreathing, heart
  rate, body temperature, internal functions).

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Vital Signs

• Represents the general health of the pt at that
  point in time

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Important factors of Vital Signs

• Understand how to do the procedure/test

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Important factors of Vital Signs

• Understand how to do the procedure/test
• Know how to perform the procedure or test with
  confidence

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Important factors of Vital Signs

• Understand how to do the procedure/test
• Know how to perform the procedure or test with
  confidence
• Must be accurate

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Important factors of Vital Signs

• Understand how to do the procedure/test
• Know how to perform the procedure or test with
  confidence
• Must be accurate
• Must be able to keep the pt comfortable.

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Factors that may influence VS

• Physical
• Walking, running, illness, stairs etc.

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Factors that may influence VS

• Physical
• Emotional-afraid, bad day, stress etc..

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Factors that may influence VS

• Physical
• Emotional-afraid, bad day, stress etc..
• Equipment
• Failures
• To big or small
• Low batteries

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Vital Signs

• Temperature
• Pulse/Heart rate
• Respiratory Rate
• Blood pressure
• Ht
• Wt

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Temperature

• Physiology The body maintains a constant
  temperature, this helps to maintain homeostasis
  (the internal environment of the body), this is
  controlled by the brain.

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Temperature

• Physiology The body moves blood to the core of
  the body to increase the temperature of the
  blood, which in turns increases the body
  temperature----fever.

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Factors that influence Temperature

• Liquids

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Factors that influence Temperature

• Liquids
• Weather

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Factors that influence Temperature

• Liquids
• Weather
• Exercise

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Factors that influence Temperature

• Liquids
• Weather
• Exercise
• Infections

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Factors that influence Temperature

• Liquids
• Weather
• Exercise
• Infections
• Stress

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Is a Fever a good thing?

• Yesthe increase in temperature helps the body
  destroy any pathogens. Pathogens are temperature
  sensitive.

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Is a Fever a good thing?

• Yesthe increase in temperature helps the body
  destroy any pathogens. Pathogens are temperature
  sensitive.
• Sometimes not--- a prolonged fever (having a
  fever for a long period of time), can cause brain
  injuries.

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Temperature Sites

• Oral--mouth

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Temperature Sites

• Oralmouth
• Rectal- ummmmm

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Temperature Sites

• Oralmouth
• Rectal- ummmmm
• Tympanic--ear

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Temperature Sites

• Oralmouth
• Rectal- ummmmm
• Tympanicear
• Axillary- arm pit

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Temperature Sites

• Oralmouth
• Rectal- ummmmm
• Tympanicear
• Axillary- arm pit
• Temporal Scan-forehead/behind the ear

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Temperature Value/Readings

• Normal- 98.6 degrees F

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Temperature Value/Readings

• Normal- 98.6 degrees F
• Rectal temperature subtract 1 degree

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Temperature Value/Readings

• Normal- 98.6 degrees F
• Rectal temperature subtract 1 degree
• Axillary temperature- add 1 degree

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Types of thermometers

• Glass

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Types of thermometers

• Glass
• digital

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Types of thermometers

• Glass
• Digital
• Digital Probe

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Types of thermometers

• Glass
• Digital
• Digital Probe
• Tympanic

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Types of thermometers

• Glass
• Digital
• Digital Probe
• Tympanic
• Temporal Scan

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Pulse/Heart Rate

• The number of times the heart beats per minute.

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Pulse/Heart Rate

• The number of times the heart beats per minute.
• Documented as ___B/M ( beats per minute)

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Pulse/Heart Rate

• Factors the affect the HR.
• Exercise

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Pulse/Heart Rate

• Factors the affect the HR.
• Exercise
• Food

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Pulse/Heart Rate

• Factors the affect the HR.
• Exercise
• Food
• Illness

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Pulse/Heart Rate

• Factors the affect the HR.
• Exercise
• Food
• Illness
• Stress

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Pulse/Heart Rate

• Factors the affect the HR.
• Exercise
• Food
• Illness
• Stress
• MedicationsOTC, Rx, illegal

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• 3. Carotid
• 4. Brachial
• 5. Radial
• 7. Popliteal

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Taking a pulse

• Never use your thumb.
• Your thumb has a small
• pulse that can be felt.
• Pulse is taken on the
• thumb (radial) side
• of the pts wrist.

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Pulse Characteristics

• Rate how fast the heart is beating

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Pulse Characteristics

• Rate how fast the heart is beating
• Average 70 bpm
• Range for Adults 60-90 bpm
• Range for children/infants 115-125 bpm
• Range for Athletes 40-60 bpm

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Pulse Characteristics

• Rhythm time between the beats.

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Pulse Characteristics

• Volume- the force of the pulse.

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Pulse Characteristics

• Elasticity- the feel of the vessel through the
  skin.

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Respiration ( breaths)/RR

• Documented as the of breaths per minute

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Respiration / RR

• Documented as the of breaths per minute
• It is automatically assumed that the recorded
  is the number of breaths per minute.

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Respiration / RR

• Documented as the of breaths per minute
• It is automatically assumed that the recorded
  is the number of breaths per minute.
• INHALE EXHALE 1 breath

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Respiration

• Rate 12-20 breaths per minute

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Respiration ( breaths)

• Rate 12-20 breaths per minute
• Children and infants have a higher rate
• Athletes have a slower rate.

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Respiration

• Rhythm- the time between each breath.

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Respiration

• Depth- how deep the breath isdeep, shallow, or
  normal

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Respiration

• Counting- watch the shoulders rise and fall

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Respiration

• Counting- watch the shoulders rise and fall
• DO NOT tell the pt your are counting their
  breathing

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Respiration

• Counting- watch the shoulders rise and fall
• DO NOT tell the pt you are counting their
  breathing
• Pt modestydo not stare at the pts chest.

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Blood Pressure

• The amount of pressure in the arteries when the
  heart contracts and relaxes.

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Blood Pressure

• The amount of pressure in the arteries when the
  heart contracts and relaxes.
• The pressure is measured in mm hg millimeters of
  mercury

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Blood Pressure

• Blood pressure measurement.

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Blood Pressure

• Blood pressure measurement.
• 110/70 mm hg

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Blood Pressure

• Blood pressure measurement.
• 110/70 mm hg
• 110 (the first/top number) Systolic-the pressure
  in the artery when the heart contracts.

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Blood Pressure

• Blood pressure measurement.
• 110/70 mm hg
• 110 (the first/top number) Systolic-the pressure
  in the artery when the heart contracts.
• 70 (the second/bottom number) Diastolic- the
  pressure in the artery when the heart is relaxed

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Factors that affect Blood Pressure

• Food, fat, salt

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Factors that affect Blood Pressure

• Food, fat, salt
• Family

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Factors that affect Blood Pressure

• Food, fat, salt
• Family
• White coat syndrome-fear of doctors

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Factors that affect Blood Pressure

• Food, fat, salt
• Family
• White coat syndrome-fear of doctors
• Exercise

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Factors that affect Blood Pressure

• Food, fat, salt
• Family
• White coat syndrome-fear of doctors
• Exercise
• Stress

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Factors that affect Blood Pressure

• Food, fat, salt
• Family
• White coat syndrome-fear of doctors
• Exercise
• Stress
• Smoking

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Blood Pressure Measurements

• Normal Values 110/70---128/90
• High blood pressure130/90 or higher
• High blood pressure increases the risk of stroke,
  kidney damage, and heart attacks.

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Blood Pressure Equipment
Ear Piece  

• Stethoscope

Bell
Sound sensitive tube
Diaphragm
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Blood Pressure Equipment
Cuff

• Blood pressure cuff

Bulb
Sphygmomanometer
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Height and Weight

• Measuring the ht and wt of pt can help determine
  the condition of the pts body.

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Height and Weight

• Measuring the ht and wt of pt can help determine
  the condition of the pts body.
• Help measure long term fluctuations with in the
  body.

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Height and Weight

• Examples

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Height and Weight

• Examples
• Sudden wt loss may indicate cancer, diabetes, or
  other metabolic conditions

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Height and Weight

• Examples
• Sudden wt loss may indicate cancer, diabetes, or
  other metabolic conditions
• Quick weight gain can also indicate the onset of
  medical conditions such as cancer.

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Height and Weight

• Examples
• Sudden wt loss may indicate cancer, diabetes, or
  other metabolic conditions
• Quick weight gain can also indicate the onset of
  medical conditions
• A decrease in ht can be a sign of conditions such
  as osteoporosis

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Height and Weight

• Ht and wt are measured using a certified scale,
  you should not guess, but at times the pt may
  refuse to get on the scale, just document the pts
  refusal.