Migration and Development

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• Migration and Development
• What is at stake?
• Tauhid Pasha
• Senior Specialist, Labour Migration and Human
  Development Division, Geneva

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IOM and migration development (MD)

• Making migration work for sustainable
  development for migrants, countries of origin and
  countries of destination

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MD what is at stake?

• Migration matters today more than ever before
• Migration is relevant to all three pillars of
  sustainable development
• Governments increasingly recognize that migration
  is both inevitable and necessary and that it can
  contribute to inclusive and sustainable social
  and economic development

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Effects of migration on development

• Migration is relevant to the
• economic,
• social and
• environmental dimensions of sustainable
  development and to
• peace and security.

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Migration dynamics

1 billion Migrants
7 billion Population
232 million International 740 million
Internal
Feminization ca. 50
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International Migrants in Context
Population Between 4th and 5th Largest Countries
Economic Contribution Size of Large GDPs
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IV. Key findings Comparing four pathways of
migration
Most international migrants move from the South
to the North or between countries in the South
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More than half of the top 20 migration corridors
are accounted for by people migrating from South
to South
Top 20 migration corridors worldwide (migrant
stock, in thousands), using the World Bank
classification, 2010
Source IOM calculations, based on UN DESA, 2012b.
Source IOM calculations, based on UN DESA,
2012b.
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Migration trends in EECA

• While migrant stocks in the region seem to have
  been stabilizing
• other types of human mobility emerge (e.g.
  student mobility)

International migrant stock, 1990 - 2013
Outbound mobile students, 2011
Source UN DESA, 2013, graph generated by IOM RO
Vienna
Source UNESCO, 2011
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Remittances inflows in EECA, 2012

• Considerable impact of remittances inflows on 5
  EECA countries (above 10 of GDP)

Source World Bank, Oct. 2013, graph generated by
IOM RO Vienna
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Post 2015 development agenda

• 2015 deadline for achievement of millennium
  development goals
• Safe orderly migration development gains
• Forced or unplanned migration negative
  repercussions for human development

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Migration as an enabler of development
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Improving development outcomes

• Promoting the integration of migration within
  development processes at national/regional/global
  levels.
• Protecting promoting the human rights of all
  migrants including undocumented, stranded,
  stateless or otherwise vulnerable migrants.
• Supporting inter-State, multi-stakeholder
  consultation and cooperation on migration,
  especially by providing knowledge and expertise

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Effective approaches

• Mainstreaming migration into development
  processes.
• Development at a local level.
• Diaspora engagement
• Ethical recruitment standards

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HLD Round Table RecommendationsAssessing the
effects of international migration on sustainable
development and identifying relevant priorities
in view of the preparations of the post-2015
development framework

• Include migration in the post-2015 UN Development
  Agenda as part of a new global partnership for
  development and/or as a cross-cutting enabler
• Mainstream migration into development and broader
  sectoral planning especially labour market
  policy, health and human rights protection at
  local, national and global levels and both in
  developing and developed countries.
• Embark on an inclusive process of mainstreaming
  migration into development and other policy
  sectors, with participation by all relevant
  ministries and government agencies, civil
  society, academia, and diaspora organizations
  led by designated institutions or coordination
  bodies equipped with the necessary capacities.
• Raise the quality of research and data collection
  on migration and invest in more systematic
  evaluation and impact assessments of migration
  policies and migration and development
  initiatives, including through comparable
  indicators and data on migration, and on the
  nexus between migration and development.

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• Thank you