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1953?4?,????DNA?????,25??
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????2004?7????????????,????????????????,??????N-N
?????160kJ/mol(N2????942kJ/mol),???????????????,??
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????Cl- ClO- ??
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2? B.?????K???8?O2-,??O2-???8?K C.?????????KO2,?
?????14?K?13?O2- D.???,0?????-2????????????31
????A?D
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???2????A?????,??????,????????,????????,
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???A2H2O??????154g/molA???????????????A???,???A?
1?????? A?????????,20oC????A??????45?A?????????Na
OH???????Na2S2O4(??????)??(???11),?????A??????A??
??????????,???????RSO2H,R?????? (1)
??A????????? (2) ??????A???????
(3) ??A??????
???? (1) 154-36-23-32-3231 RCH3O
(2) NaOH Na2S2O4 HCHO Na2SO3 (NaSCO3H3)
(3) ???????
20
???3???????????????????? (1).????????????????????
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? (3).??????????????????CCl????,?????????
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???? (1)H2O2Cl-HH2OHOCl (2)?
? (3)H2CCH2HOClHOH2CCH2Cl(????) (4)????? ????
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21
???4????????????????????,?????????????? X?Y
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A B C D (1)
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(2) A (3) B
(4) C
22
???5????????????????H(CB11H6Cl6)
?C60??,?C60??????,???????????HC60CB11H6CL6-??
????? (1) ??????????,???????????????????????????,
??? ? (2) ?????CB11H6Cl6-??????
???????,??????????,?CB11H6Cl6-?????????????????
?,???????360/5???,??????????????????(???????)???(
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???? (1) NH3HCl NH4Cl (2) ?????????????????,
????C?B????H?Cl,??????
23
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???1????,?-55??XeF4(A)?C6F5BF2(B)??,???????(C),??
Xe??????31,???????????,???????B????C??????(IV)???
,-20??????C??????????,???????????,???,????B? ( 1)
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( 2) ????????? C?????????
( 3) ?? C?????????
( 4) ?? C??????
(
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???? ( 1 ) C6F5XeF2BF4 ( 2 ) ????CXe? ( 3 )
XeF4 C6F5BF2 C6F5XeF2BF4 ( 4 )
5C6F5XeF2BF4-2I24IF55Xe 5C6F5BF2 ( 5 )
???VSEPR???
24
???2??(Am)?????????????241Am?????????3?,?????????
????241Am??????,?????????241Am???????????????????
????????????????????????????(E?/V)??,??2.62?Am4/A
m3???????,-2.07?Am3/Am???????,???????,??????????
????????????????????????????
???? ??1E?(Amn/Am)lt0, ??Am??????????????Amn,
n2,3,4?E?(Am3/Am2)lt0,Am2????????H?????Am3?(
?E?(Am3/Am)lt0,n3) ??2E?(Am4/Am3)gtE?(AmO2/
Am4), ???????Am4??????AmO2?Am3?
??3AmO2?????,???????????O2, ??Cl-???Cl2,???Am3,
??????????,AmO2?????,???????????AmO22?
??4Am3??????(????),?????? ????????????????Am3
?
?????????????????????E?(H/H2) 0 V
E?(Cl2/Cl-) 1.36 VE?(O2/H2O) 1.23 V?
25
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???1?(1) ??????167???A,????????????,167??????
???? ???????????? ???????? ? (2)
?????????20?15?,???????? ? (3) 1,2-???????
?????????????????????????,????????? ?? (4)
???????,???????????????????,?????????????????2000?
??,?????????Si-Si??,??SiSi??????X?X?????Si5H6,???
????????X????????????2?,?X?????
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???? (1) 8 ?A 7 HA
(2) 47? (3) 4 7
(4)
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???2? ???????????????????????????????(?)???????,
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??????? LaFe4Sb12(?La2Fe8Sb24 ?1?)
????? 9/4 2.25 ?
27
???3???????????????,???????????10?,??????????????
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?n 10?, N(??) (9261-6859)/9261 0.2594
n1 ????33 ??????13
n2 ????53 ??????33
28
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???1??????-100???????????X,???????????C5H4,??????
??????????????????????,?????????2?,??,?????C-C??,?
?CC?????????????X?????
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29
???2??????CuO??????????S2O???A,1mol
CuO????????1mol? (1)???????????? (2)??S2Cl2?CuO??
,?100400??,????S2O,????????????
(3)S2O?NaOH???????????,??S2-?S2O42-?SO32-,???????
????????? (4)S2O???????????,?????,(?????)???????
??????

???? (1)2CuO2SS2OCu2O (2)S2Cl2CuO
S2OCuCl2 (3)5S2O14OH-4S2-3S2O42-7H2O,
2 S2O8OH-2S2-2SO32-4H2O (4)5S2O7H2O
4H2S3H2S2O4
30
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2.????????????????????????????????
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79274 75848
21328 15468
40 3732
667 6265
????N2 O2 CO2 H2O ?
31
???2????????????????????????,?????????,???????????
????????,?????????????????(ClCH2CH2)2S????????????
???????,??,??????????????????????,??,????????? (1)
???????????? (2)???????????????ClCH2CH2OH?Na2S??,?
????????????????CH2CH2?S2Cl2??,????????2?1??????
??? (3)??????????????

???? (1)2-????(?2-??????) (2)2ClCH2CH2OHNa2S(HO
CH2CH2)2S2NaCl (HOCH2CH2)2S2HCl(ClCH2CH2)2S2H2
O 2CH2CH2S2Cl2(ClCH2CH2)2SS (3)(ClCH2CH2)2S2O
H-(HOCH2CH2)2S2Cl-
32
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