MRSA

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MRSA Bloodborne Pathogens

• WARNING Some of the following pictures may be
  gross

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Objectives

• Define MRSA, Staph, bloodborne pathogens, and
  universal precautions
• Recognize symptoms of MRSA and how it is spread
• List 2 bloodborne pathogens and their symptoms

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MRSAMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas

• What is it?
• Staph bacteria that live on the skin in the
  nose
• Usually harmless
• Estimated though that staph fatalities may exceed
  AIDS deaths
• MRSA type of staph
• Resistant to several types of antibiotics

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MRSA

• Who gets it?
• Anyone
• Most often in hospitals healthcare facilities
• Athletes or other individuals in high contact
  activities

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MRSA

• How is it spread?
• Touching the infected skin/wound
• Sharing objects such as towels or athletic
  equipment
• Typically through physical contact (not air)

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What does MRSA look like?

• Mainly on skin, in the nose, in wounds, or in
  urine blood
• Around open wounds or other openings where
  bacteria can get inside the body
• Common skin conditions caused by MRSA
• Infected cuts
• Boils
• Infected hair follicles
• Fluid filled blisters (impetigo)
• Skin sores that look like insect bites

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MRSA

• Can spread to surrounding tissue
• Leads to abscesses or infections of the
• Blood
• Bone
• Heart infections
• Treatment?
• Some antibiotics are successful

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Once MRSA is gone

• Bacteria may still live in your nose
• Wash hands often
• Sneeze or cough into tissue
• If new infection occurs, cover see MD

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Prevention?

• Wash hands often!!
• If skin infection occurs, keep area clean
  covered
• Change bandage often especially if wet
• Prevent wound drainage from coming in contact
  with anyone else
• Avoid public spas, saunas, pools, manicures,
  gyms, etc

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Bloodborne Pathogens

• Pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially
  cause disease
• Universal Precautions
• Assume all fluid is contaminated fluid
• Cover open skin wounds
• Remove bleeding athletes from play
• Possible uniform change
• Protective equipment
• Gloves, gowns, masks, eye shield, CPR masks

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Hepatitis B

• Major cause of viral infection affecting liver
  functions
• Dramatic increase in last 10 years
• Stronger, more durable than HIV
• Signs/Symptoms
• Flulike, jaundice, not present
• Transmission
• Direct indirect (surfaces 1 week) contact

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Hepatitis B

• Infectious Material
• Blood, saliva, semen, feces, food, water
• Prevention
• Good hygiene, avoid high risk behaviors, vaccine
• Recovery
• Usually within 6-8 weeks

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• Viral infection that attacks healthy cells
• Estimated 40 million by 2000
• Signs/Symptoms
• Fever, night sweats, weight loss, diarrhea,
  severe fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, lesions,
  none (8-10 years)
• Transmission
• Direct indirect contact

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HIV

• Infectious materials
• Blood, semen, vaginal fluid
• Management
• cocktails
• Prevention
• Education
• Little risk to athletes, but possible